All LA tested inhibited the activation of human NMDA receptors in a concentration dependent fashion. This effect may contribute to reduced hyperalgesia and opiate tolerance observed after systemic administration of LA. The effect is independent of the charge of LA; site of action is intracellular. The mechanism of action may be mediated by inhibition of PKC.

The most potent phenylcarbamic anesthetics exceed the potency of the most common clinically used local anesthetics 100-300 times. Due to the unique pH dependency of these local anesthetics, further study of their action is required.

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