In order to develop the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, in the decree of the President of the Russian Federation, areas related to the development of the Northern Sea Route, environmental protection of the Arctic zone, an increase in the growth rate of geological research and the development of monitoring systems for the Arctic region were separately noted. Also in this document, the main tasks were identified that require careful study, namely: the development and implementation of technologies and equipment for use in Arctic conditions, the improvement of the environmental monitoring system, the use of modern information and communication technologies and communication systems for measurements from satellites, marine and ice platforms, research vessels, ground points and from observatories. These problems and tasks are already being successfully solved abroad with the help of the development of modern systems and devices used as part of marine robotic complexes (MRTC). This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of autonomous unmanned underwater vehicles (AUVs) as part of underwater resident systems. Particular attention is paid to the projects already implemented in the external market in the oil and gas industry. The authors present the implemented developments in the field of marine resident robotics in the Russian Federation. In conclusion, the authors for-mulated proposals for the development of the direction of marine robotics, including for solving problems associated with long-term monitoring and operation of the bottom oil and gas infrastructure. Key words Marine robotic complexes, AUV, resident robotics, seabed stations, underwater service work, underwater monitoring.

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The content of the textbook corresponds to the State educational standard of higher education for bachelors in the field of Ecology and environmental management. The textbook describes the methodology, basic methods and techniques of environmental research, in particular, the study of atmospheric air, water bodies, soil, biological and geological environments. The most up-to-date information on the use of marine robotics and the application of remote environmental research methods are also included in a systematic form. The textbook is designed for the level of "bachelor" of natural Sciences.