Plasma lipoproteins can be significantly decreased by changes in the lifestyles of high-risk subjects during one-year planned intervention.

With respect to the effects on the lipid status, aerobic physical exercises like running, swimming, cycling, with the intensity of training of a medium (65% VO2) load, have a positive effect on lipid status. The best form of physical activity is the one in which the endurance and power are increased.

Sa`etak. Fizi~ka aktivnost donosi vi-{e zdravstvenih, socijalnih i ekonomskih koristi. Regularna fizi~ka aktivnost redukuje rizik za razvoj vi{e hroni~nih bolesti ukqu~uju}i diabetes mellitus, hipertenziju, koronarnu bolest i neke vrste karcinoma. Ona tako|e unapre|uje mentalno zdravqe i zna~ajna je za zdravqe mi{i}a, kostiju i zglobova. Regularna fizi~ka aktivnost odr`ava funkcionalnu nezavisnost starih osoba i una-pre|uje kvalitet `ivota u svim uzrastima. Hroni~ne nezarazne bolesti (NCDs) uzrokuju 60 odsto od globalnog mortaliteta i 47 odsto od ukupnog tereta oboqevawa (WHR 2002), a procewuje se da }e to biti 73 odsto, odnosno 60 odsto do 2020. godine. Fizi~ka neaktivnost je jedan od major faktora rizika i uzrokuje dva miliona smrti godi{we. Najmawe 60 odsto globalne populacije propusti da ispuni trideset minuta fizi~ke aktivnosti umerenog intenziteta na dan. Diabetes mellitus je jedno od najrasprostrawenijih NCDs globalno. Diabetes je ~etvrti ili peti vode}i uzrok smrti u razvijenim ze-Summary. Physical activity has many health, social and economic benefits. Regular physical activity reduces the risk of developing many chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary heart disease and some types of cancer. It also improves mental health and is important for the health of muscles, bones and joints. Regular physical activity maintains the functional independence of older adults and enhances the quality of life for people of all ages. Chronic, noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) cause 60% of global deaths and 47% of burden of disease (WHR 2002). These estimates expected to rise to 73% and 60% respectively by 2020. Physical inactivity is a major risk factor and causes 2 million deaths/year. At least 60% of global population fails to achive 30 minutes moderate intensity physical activity daily. Diabetes mellitus is now one of the most common NCDs globally. Diabetes is the fourth or fifth leading cause of death in most developed countries and there is substantial evidence that it 35 STRU^NI I NAU^NI RADOVI Stru~ni i nau~ni radovi

Kragujevac jedanput godi{we (a po potrebi i ~e{}e) vr{i higijensko-sanitarni nadzor ovih ambulanti, uzorkuje vodu za pi}e i briseve radnih povr{ina, ruku zaposlenih, sterilnog materijala i dezinfekcionih sredstava. Ciq na{eg rada jeste prikaz ocene higijensko-sanitarnog stawa ambulanti u seoskim sredinama, identifikovawe prisutnih problema. U okviru ovog ciqa re{avali smo slede}e zadatke: provera zdravstvene ispravnosti vode za pi}e, provera sterilnosti materijala i rastvora, provera higijenskog stawa objekta metodom vla`nih briseva sa radnih povr{ina, ruku zaposlenih, provera sterilnosti materijala i ocena higijenskosanitarnog stawa zdravstvenih objekata. Istra`ivawe je vr{eno tokom 2006. i 2007. godine na teritoriji {umadijskog okruga, izuzev op{tine Aran|elovac. Svi podaci su obra|eni adekvatnim matemati~ko-stati-sti~kim metodama, softwear SPSS forWindows ver. 11.0. Rezultati istra`ivawa su pokazali slede}e: od ukupno 72 uzorka voda za pi}e (za obe ispitivane godine) zdravstveno je neispravan 61 uzorak (x 2 =51.81, DF=1, p<0.01). Od ukupnog broja 379 uzoraka razli~itog mate-Summary. Health centers in Sumadija district, accept Arandjelovac, have 39 villages ambulates. Department of Hygiene, Institute for public health in Kragujevac once a year (more often according to need) is doing hygienically-sanitarian overlooking of this ambulances, testing drinking water and of working surfaces., arms of employees, of sterile material and disinfectants. The aim of our work is showing mark of hygienically condition of ambulates in country, identification of present problems. During the aim we have solved followed tasks: control of the drinking water, control of the sterility of material and sterile solutions and hygienic condition in ambulates. Research is preformed during 2006 and 2007 year, on the territory off Sumadian district, accept the township of Arandjelovac. All of the data are treated adequate mathematical-statistic methods, software SPSS for Windows ver. 11.0. Research results have shoved followed: of 72 samplers of drinking water (for both years) healthy incorrect was 61 (x 2 = 51.81, DF=1, p<0.01). Of all of 379 samples of different material (swabs of the working surfaces, arms of nurses 37 STRU^NI I NAU^NI RADOVI Stru~ni i nau~ni radovi 1 Doc. dr Nela \onovi}, Institut za javno zdravqe Kragujevac, Medicinski fakultet Kragujevac.

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