Based on the substantiation of the necessity of changes in the management system of the enterprise in order to increase Ukraine's level in international economic ratings, a comprehensive model of the transformation of theoretical and methodological principles of accounting, analysis and audit in the management of foreign economic activity was developed. An approach to the formation of the accounting, analysis and audit principles of the enterprise's foreign economic activity, which takes into account the differentiation of decisions made in the system of management of foreign economic activity, it allows using the environment of the business entity to improve the efficiency of the implementation of foreign economic transactions. The basis of the theoretical and methodological principles of audit in the part of the suggested model of the transformation of the accounting system of transactions of foreign economic activity, which consists of tasks, elements of the method and objects of accounting, which form different processes of the types of foreign economic transactions, and provides increasing of the reliability of accounting information support, as it takes into account the influence of the internal and external environment of the enterprise. The methodical principles of the audit of export and import transactions of enterprises in the part of suggestions for improvement of documentary support, formation of the value of imported goods and reflection on the analytical accounting accounts of export-import transactions with goods, which increases the efficiency and reliability of the formation of responses to information requests of the system of management of foreign economic activity, was developed. The directions of improvement of the organizational and methodical provisions of audit for foreign economic activity of enterprises are grounded, taking into account changes in the tendencies of development of foreign economic activity at the micro and macro levels. The peculiarities of application of internal and external methods of management of currency risks in the system of enterprise accounting as an effective management tool were disclosed. It is reflected as the influence of the external environment in the accounting system and forms information support for users who make decisions on planning and development of foreign economic activity of the enterprise. The stages of obtaining foreign investments in accounting were substantiated, which promotes the modification of the methodological support of audit of foreign investments as the basis for the formation and improvement of the investment climate.
In the research it is proved that constant and progressive development of any country is impossible without providing economic and social security processes. The aim of the article is to determine the state and development trends of state and independent professional audit as a key imperative for the formation of economic security. It is justified that due to financial globalization, complexity and versatility of both interstate and domestic correlation, economy development dynamics are sensitive to crisis occurrences. It is concluded that nowadays due to complicated economic and social conditions questions of justification priorities of state and independent audit development during the formation of state's economic security and the definition of alternative methods of business security are up to date. The state, dynamics and development trends of state and independent external audit were analyzed according to modern economy state. It was defined that audit develops through several key directions that are important for providing the economic security. To increase the positive value of audit in providing the economy security of the state to organizations alternative methods of business protection have to be used alongside with standard audit methods.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the degree of disclosure of information about the risks of economic activity of enterprises in non-financial statements and to find ways to improve the organization and methods of analysis of such risks based on the financial statements of companies. Methodology / approach. The methodological basis of the study is a systematic approach, methods of generalization, comparison, abstraction, analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction, bibliometric analysis, cluster analysis, as well as methods of integrated economic analysis. The publications from the Scopus database, for 1988–01.04.2021, processed by VOSviewer software were the source of data for bibliographic and cluster analysis. The materials of the research on the state of disclosure of information about the risks of domestic enterprises of the food industry are based on their financial statements and management report. Results. The article analyzes the state and degree of disclosure of information about the risks of economic activity in non-financial reports of domestic food industry enterprises. It is established that the enterprises of the studied industry most often provide information about the following risks: economic, currency, financial, political, legal, judicial, interest, personnel, price, commercial, as well as liquidity risk and market risk. Originality / scientific novelty. Theoretical, methodological and organizational principles of risk analysis of companies based on non-financial and financial reports have been further developed. For the first time, we proposed our own approach to the methodology of analysis of such risks, based on financial reporting indicators. In particular, such analytical indicators include: financial risk – solvency, financial leverage; credit risk – investment coverage ratio, return on equity, return on assets; liquidity risk – coverage ratio, quick liquidity ratio, absolute liquidity ratio. Practical value / implications. The practical value of the research is that the results obtained by the authors will contribute to the disclosure of information about the risks of economic activity of enterprises in non-financial statements. Analysis of the status and level of disclosure of information about the risks of domestic food industry enterprises in non-financial reports showed that most companies provided information about the following risks: economic, currency, financial, political, legal, judicial, interest, personnel, price, commercial, and risk liquidity and the risk of changes in market conditions. As a result, the author's methodological approach to the analysis of internal risks of the studied industry (credit, financial risks, liquidity risk) is proposed. The proposed methodology is based on the indicators of financial reporting and is part of a comprehensive risk analysis of the enterprise for the purposes of the risk management system.
Modern enterprises are dynamically developing due to the fourth industrial revolution, contributing to the introduction of innovative infocommunication technologies in most business processes, thereby shaping and developing the digital economy. The aim of the article is to substantiate the concept of sustainable development of enterprises in the context of digital transformations. The theoretical and methodological foundations of sustainable development at different levels of the hierarchy have been determined. The concept of sustainable development of enterprises has been developed, the implementation of which is aimed at harmonizing the economic, environmental and social activities of the enterprise. The stages of the process of implementing the concept of sustainable development of enterprises are highlighted, providing for the justification of an inert, neutral, progressive or forced vector. Ensuring the implementation of the concept of sustainable development is expected through the use of applied models, in particular, the implementation of a parametric model of joint deployment of enterprise infrastructure with other infrastructure facilities in economic activity, taking into account technical, geographical, organizational and socio-economic factors to strengthen financial stability; building a model for ensuring a balanced balance between economic efficiency and environmental and social responsibility of an enterprise using a mechanism for managing transformation processes in the process of transition to sustainable development in the context of digitalization.
Due to the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, the losses of the tourism industry in Ukraine in 2020 are estimated at more than 1.5 billion dollars. USA. The current situation requires an adequate response from the government and business, which leads to an increased need for the use of scientific tools to justify the options for optimal economic development and relevant management decisions. Under such conditions, the key to sustainable development of the tourism industry should be the maximum use of management tools: management accounting, analysis and audit, implemented in the concept of their effective interaction. The aim of the article is to improve the theoretical and praxeological principles of management accounting, analysis and audit in the tourism management system, by developing the concept of their synergy and substantiation of prospects for implementation as a key imperative for sustainable development of the tourism industry. The economic and social significance of tourism in modern conditions is determined by the fact that the tourism business contributes to economic development, developing related industries, promotes employment, growth of gross domestic product, is a significant source of foreign exchange earnings. Experts from the World Tourism Organization emphasize the historical sustainability of tourism and its ability to create jobs after crises, and emphasize the importance of international cooperation and ensuring that the sector becomes a central part of the recovery effort after the coronavirus pandemic. To increase the efficiency of the tourism industry, as an imperative for sustainable development of the national economy, it is advisable to use such management system tools as management accounting, analysis and audit, implemented in the concept of effective interaction. The article identifies the place of a separate concept in the formation of the paradigm of management accounting, analysis and audit. One of the concepts that contributes to the modern audit paradigm is the concept of synergy between internal and external audit proposed in this study. A qualitative feature of the proposed concept is the two-vector direction of its action, as it is aimed at meeting the needs of internal and external users of information, which fundamentally distinguishes it from other concepts of audit. The proposed scheme of management of the tourist enterprise on the basis of interaction of administrative accounting, business analysis and audit will promote their practical realization in activity of the subject of tourist business. One of the concepts that contributes to the modern audit paradigm was the concept of synergy of internal and external audit proposed in this study. A qualitative featureof the proposed concept is the two-vector direction of its action, as it is aimed at meeting the needs of internal and external users of information, which fundamentally distinguishes it from other concepts of audit. The practical implementation of the interaction of management accounting tools, business analysis and audit at the micro level will also be facilitated by the developed scheme of tourism enterprise management based on the interaction of management accounting, business analysis and audit.
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