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The present study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence and hematological effects of Toxoplasma gondii in sheep and goat in district Dera Ghazi Khan. Blood samples (n=204) were collected comprise goats (n=101) and sheep (n=103) alongwith age, gender and breeds of animals. Samples were collected randomly from 25 flocks of 7 different union council Viz. Vehova, Tibbi Qaisrani, Lakhani, Kohar, Tuman Qaisrani, Nutkani and Kot Qaisrani of Tehsil Taunsa Sharif at least 4 animals from each flock. All ruminants divide into three groups based on age, breed and gender. The prevalence was detected through two different kits Viz. LAT and ELISA kit. The overall prevalence suspected in goats through LAT and ELISA kit was (35.64%), (32.67%) and in sheep was (25.24%), (23.30%) respectively. The Toxoplasma gondii had a significant effect on goats in age groups and non-significant all other groups of goats and sheep. Toxoplasma gondii had a significant effect on all hematological parameters like Hemoglobin, total leukocyte cells, granulocytes, lymphocytes, platelets, and red blood cells, except monocytes. In conclusion of the current study, toxoplasmosis is prevalent among ruminants, reveals the possibility of transmission to humans on the use of host animals as protein source.

Studies were carried out to determine the effect of feeding diets containing lablab seed meal (LSM) to replace groundnut cake (GNC) or full fat soya (FFS) as the major source of protein on nutrient retention and haematological parameters of broilers at the starter phase. Apparent crude protein, crude fibre and ether extract retentions (%) were highest (P<0.05) for broiler starters fed the LSM diet, while the retention of ash was similar (P>0.05) between those fed LSM and FFS diets, but significantly lower (P<0.05) for those fed the GNC diet. The retentions (%) of nitrogen free extract, calcium and phosphorus were highest (P<0.05) for starters fed LSM, while those fed FFS had values that were similar (P>0.05) to birds fed LSM or GNC. Most of the haematological parameters measured were similar amongst the treatments, except that packed cell volume (PCV) (%) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (fl) were significantly lower (P<0.05) for broiler starters fed the GNC diet, while mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (%) and Neutrophiles (%) were lowest (P<0.05) for those fed the LSM diet. All values were however within the normal ranges for healthy broiler starters. The results indicated that LSM can replace GNC and FFS in the diets of broilers at the starter phase, without compromising performance.

Carcasses of 32 male goats matching Conformation Score 3 of the Australian standard for live goat evaluation, were randomly assigned to a 2x2x2 factorial experiment involving two breeds (Sahel, Sokoto Red), two ages (young, mature) and two fasting states (fasted, non-fasted) with four replicates. one and a half centimeter thick samples of the Longissimus dorsi muscle cut between the 12 th and 13 th ribs of the right halves of the carcasses were analyzed according to AOAC (1990) and found to contain an average of 75.59, 19.19, 3.67 and 1.55% moisture, protein, fat and total ash, respectively. None of the nutrients was affected significantly (P>0.05) by breed, age and fasting status (P>0.05). This may imply that the three factors need not feature as major considerations in the choice of goat meat for nutritional advantage in the study area.