315in progress, calling for either steam plant, compressors with their appropriate tools, pumps, etc.outputs On the, beach and gantry sections 164 pipes were laid in 129 working weeks. For most of the time two units of two or three gangs each were employed. The pipe laying varied from two per unit week t o one pipe in 4 weeks when conditions were bad.The number of unit weeks waa 224, giving an average of 0.73 pipes, or 18 f t 3 in. per week for each unit.The total cost of the work cannot be closely assessed until after removal and disposal of surplus materials, but will probably be in the region of ;E375,000. The pipes were supplied under a separate contract. ACRNOWLEDQEMENTSThe Consulting Engineers responsible for the design and supervision of the work were A. H. S. Waters and Partners, and the Authors would like to record their appreciation of the readiness of the Engineers to consider possible amendments t o the design to meet problems of construction, and of the helpful co-operation of the Resident Engineer to the Corporation, MrHeysham) said that on pp. 303-305 various methods of construction were outlided, all of which had been considered. Method (e) had been put forward by other contractors some years earlier, when Mr Kilvington knew less about such methods, but he had felt that it could not possibly succeed unless some evidence was put forward t o the contrary. He thought the method adopted was the only practicable one, bearing in mind the need for economy. He had made trial holes on the shore, but he thought the Authors would agree that, though a valuable general indication, those which were nearest were frequently the most dissimilar, so that it was impossible t o attach the normal importance to them. The mention of sand was specially interesting to them a t Morecambe, apart from the question of scour, because there was a tendency for a shortage of sand on their foreshore Until about 10 years ago on that part of the beach and just to the east of it there had been huge accumulations of sand, but much of it had disappeared. He hoped that it was now beginning t o return; certainly sand was accreting, and he hoped it would continue t o do so.Finally, if the contractors contemplated a similar contract, would they, with the experience which they had now gained, adopt similar methods? Downloaded by [] on [11/09/16].

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