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Sharp atomic and ionic line spectra of excimer-laser-induced ablation plasmas of samples in liquids were observed. A new double-pulse technique employing quartz fibers facilitates spectral analysis of samples in liquids in which spectral lines normally are strongly broadened and quenched. The first pulse generates a cavitation bubble on the sample surface, which provides a gaseous environment for optical emission spectroscopy on the ablation plasma induced by a second pulse fired into the bubble.

AbstracL Resonance ionization spectroscopy in collinear geometly has been successfully applied to a fast beam of ytterbium atoms. The atoms were excited stepwise into a Rydberg state by pulsed laser lighl, ionized in an electrical field and deflected onlo a secondaty electron detector. The efficiency was 1 x lo-' delecled ions per incoming atom an a background from collisional ionization of 1 x 10V8. The technique has been exploited for 1he measurement of hyperfine structures and isotope shifls of unstable ytterbium isotopes, in particular IS7Yb, lS9Yb and 17rYb.

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