This paper presents a parsimonious review on the definitions, classifications, objectives, constraints, network topology decision variables, and solution methods of the Urban Transportation Network Design Problem (UTNDP), which includes both the Road Network Design Problem (RNDP) and the Public Transit Network Design Problem (PTNDP). The current trend and gap in each class of the problem are discussed and future directions in terms of both modeling and solution approaches are given. This review intends to give a bigger picture of transportation network design problems, allow comparisons of formulation approaches and solution methods of different problems in various classes of UTNDP, and encourage crossfertilization between the RNDP and PTNDP research.

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This paper introduces an artificial bee colony heuristic for solving the capacitated vehicle routing problem. The artificial bee colony heuristic is a swarm-based heuristic, which mimics the foraging behavior of a honey bee swarm. An enhanced version of the artificial bee colony heuristic is also proposed to improve the solution quality of the original version. The performance of the enhanced heuristic is evaluated on two sets of standard benchmark instances, and compared with the original artificial bee colony heuristic. The computational results show that the enhanced heuristic outperforms the original one, and can produce good solutions when compared with the existing heuristics. These results seem to indicate that the enhanced heuristic is an alternative to solve the capacitated vehicle routing problem.