No abstract

Tuberose is one of the most important ornamental plants in Indonesia which the demand continuously increases. However, tuberose is commonly cultivated in drained rice fields and this resulted in various problem such us weed and insect infestation especially mealybug in dry season. In this regard a study was conducted in Malang Regency at Karangploso Experimental Station of East Java Assessment Institute for Agriculture Technology from March 2012 to April 2013. The study employed an experimental method using a randomized block design. Two varieties of tuberoses, i.e., Dian Arum (double flowering) and Roro Anteng (semi-double flowering) were planted on a prepared soil bed. Both tuberose varieties were treated by a silvery plastic mulch cover on one bed and none on the other. Results showed significant differences between the mulch and without mulch treatments in terms of plant growth and flower production. Flower production obtained from mulch treatment was 3.8 stalks/clump or 34.22 stalks/m 2 , whereas that without mulch was 2.47 stalks/clump or 27.44 stalks/m 2 . Meanwhile the damage intensity caused by mealybug infestation on the mulch treatment was 15.21%, while that without mulch was 22.17%. In fact, the use of mulch could reduce the weeding cost up to 66.67% and the total production cost up to 20.86%. The result obtained from R/C ratio analysis with mulch treatment was 2.59 whereas that without mulch was 1.71.

True Seed Shallot (TSS) of shallot is shallot seed origin as solution of seed availability problem. Generally, farmers still use bulb seed for shallot production. This is because the aspect of shallot cultivation using TSS seed is still to be reviewed. The research objective was to known performance of growth and production of TSS in East Java. The Research was carried out in 2017 until 2018 at Probolinggo District and Batu city, using 2 (two) varieties, namely Trisula and Biru Lancor. The results showed that the growth phase of the Biru Lancor variety showed a better value than Trisula in each location with plant height (64.4 cm), number of leaves (78.2), number of tillers (14.5) and number of flowers (4,8). The generative phase showed that Trisula variety produced higher TSS yields but lower yields for bulb seed, whereas for Biru Lancor varieties the TSS yield was lower than bulb seed yields. Biru Lancor variety is also more resistant to environmental conditions but more susceptible to pest attack and the Trisula variety shows the opposite.

The excessive use of pesticides is a problem in vegetable production in Indonesia including in hot pepper chili cultivation. According to this condition, an experiment was conducted in Bocek village Karangploso district Malang Regency from May to November 2019. The study was arranged in a randomized block design with four treatments and five replications. The introduced treatment was the improvement of the integrated plant and resources management (IPRM) component technology i.e. seedling immunization with Amaranthus spinosus liquid extract as an inducer and the use of BaPf as a PGPR and biological control that compared to the farmer technology (existing). The result showed that the introduced technology treatment (seedling immunization + BaPf) gave a higher plant posture than the other treatments. The highest fresh fruit weight was obtained in this treatment. This treatment also produced the highest yield of about 0.81 kg plant−1 or 21.48 tonnes ha−1 or the highest 19,84 % than existing. The intensity of yellow virus and anthracnose diseases in the introduced treatment was lower than existing. Farming analyses showed that this treatment (B) resulted in a higher profit of about Rp 18,214,870/1000 m2 with a 1,51 of B/C ratio.

An assessment was carried out in the dry land of Cerme village Ngimbang district Lamongan Regency East java Province (85 m asl) during the 1st dry season, from February to June 2019. The experiment was arranged in a split-split plots design with three replications. As the main plot was the hybrid varieties HJ 21, Bima 19, and NK 212; as a subplot was the plant spacing i.e., double row “jajar legowo” 90 x 50 x 20 cm and farmers habitual 60 cm x 30 cm, and the sub-sub plot was the application of organic manure fertilizer i.e., 2 tons/ha and without organic manure fertilizer. The results showed that there was no interaction between the three treatment factors tested. Then, each treatment factor has a free effect on the variables observed. The result showed that the treatment of NK 212 varieties, double row plant space, and organic fertilizer were affect significantly some variable of the plant growth and yields. The highest yield was obtained in the treatment of NK 212 varieties of 8.51 tons ha−1. Double row plant spacing treatment was increasing the yield up to 16.26%, and organic fertilizer treatment increased the yield by only 5.7 %.