No abstract

Conservation of flora, soil and water resources are very important to manage‘embung’ ecosystem, in West Timor Island. Generally, ‘embung’ watersheds in this area are degraded, and consequently resulted high runoff and erosion rate; and at the same time, ‘embung’ water has not been used efficiently yet. To conserve ‘embung’ ecosystem, three methods can be applied, i.e.: 1). Flora conservation by using priority of local species; 2). Soil conservation by usingvegetative methods; and 3). Water resources conservation in watershed area by combining flora and soil conservation; and increasing water used efficiency by using intermediate technology.

Understanding drought tolerance status in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is very important for the development of sorghum varieties suitable for sub-optimal, drought prone areas in Indonesia. We estimated drought tolerance status of 20 Indonesian sorghum genotypes by observing their leaf water potential under glasshouse condition. Research design was randomized complete block design with 20 sorghum genotypes, 2 water treatments (control and water stress), and 2 replicates. The control plants were irrigated under field capacity, while the water stress treated plants were sown under field capacity followed by drought treatment without watering for one month. Sorghum seeds were cultivated in soil medium containing top soil, organic fertilizer and sand (50:20:30) in four 1x1.2x1 m3 containers. Seeds were sown in soil media pre-treated with tap water under field capacity. Leaf water potential was observed one month after planting by using WP 4 Dew Point. Plant growth performances, including plant height and leaf width were observed. Leaf water potential observation of the 20 sorghum genotypes showed that 2 sorghums genotypes, KLR and KS, had leaf water potential of -2.43 Mpa and - 2.455 Mpa respectively, which were categorized as tolerance to water stress. Four sorghum genotypes, Buleleng Empok, UPCA, Kawali and WHP, had leaf water potential of -3.7275 MPa, -3.7650, - 3.7700 and - 3.7950 Mpa respectively, were classified to be very sensitive to drought stress. The rest of the sorghum genotypes were classified as medium tolerance with leaf water potential between - 2.5200 Mpa and 3.6550 Mpa. Although it is a preliminary results and needs to be combined with field experimental data, the results obtained was an important step in determining sorghum genotypes which was best suited to be cultivated in drought prone areas and also to identify sorghum genotypes suitable to be used as drought tolerant trait donor.

Indonesia is known as a rich natural resources country, but at the same time has a problem of water shortage, soil degradation, pollution, agriculture and forest production, biodiversity conservation, and mineral and energy sustainability. The national natural resources management planning alignment with SDGs programme, particularly the water resources management,  afforestation programme,  a guide for sustainable management of Indonesia’s biodiversity, government and non-government organizations participant in conservation practice, exploring alternative energy sources to reduce dependence on oil, mainstreaming of SDGs into National Development agenda, National Action Plan, and  SDGs program for Sub-national level. This program was participated by all stakeholders included government, civil society organizations, philanthropy and business society, academics as well as experts. This literature review paper will discuss about the natural resources management to deliver sustainable development goals programme in Indonesian, with specific and focus topics for water and pollution, soil, land product  (agriculture, forest and biological resources), mineral and energy. The objective of this paper was to describe  the alignment of the natural resources management planning and SDGs programme as evaluation to improve their implementation in Indonesia. Though the government has already implemented SDGs program but innovative strategic need to be developed.Indonesia dikenal sebagai negara yang kaya sumberdaya alam, tetapi pada saat yang sama menghadapi masalah kelangkaan air, degradasi lahan, polusi, produksi pertanian dan kehutanan, konservasi keanekaragaman hayati, keberlangsungan mineral dan energi. Rencana pengelolaan sumberdaya alam nasional sejalan dengan program SDGs,  khususnya terkait pengelolaan air, program perhutanian, pengelolaan keanekaragaman hayati secara berkelanjutan, pemerintah dan para pihak yang berpartisipasi dalam praktek konservasi, eksplorasi energi alternatif untuk mengurangi ketergantungan pada minyak bumi, dan pengarus-utamakaan program SDGs ke dalam agenda pembangunan nasional, rencana aksi nasional, dan program di tingkat wilayah. Program ini diikuti oleh seluruh para pihak, termasuk pemerintah, organisasi masyarakat sipil, masyarakat bisnis dan filantropi, kaum akademisi dan para ahli. Studi Pustaka ini akan membahas tentang pengelolaan sumberdaya alam untuk mencapai program pembangunan berkelanjutan di Indonesia, khususnya tentang masalah air, polusi, produsi lahan (meliputi pertanian, hutan, sumberdaya biologi), mineral dan energi. Tujuan penulisan naskah adalah untuk memberikan gambaran keterkaitan antara rencana pengelolaan sumberdaya alam dan pelaksanaan program pembangunan berkelanjutan, sebagai evaluasi untuk meningkatkan implementasinya di Indonesia. Meskipun pemerintah telah melaksanakan program SDGs, tetapi strategi yang inovatif perlu dikembangkan.

Dipterocarpaceae is known as a very important tree family both biologically and economically.  Its distribution around the world covers the areas of Peninsular Malaysia, the Philippines, Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Sulawesi, Maluku to Papua.  Dipterocarpaceae family has a high economic value, such as producing wood, balsam, resin, charcoal, fat, fruit, bark, essential oil, and camphor. Its products have very important roles for domestic use and export needs. As  representatives of Dipterocarpaceae, the economic value of Shorea Roxb. ex Gaertner f, Dipterocarpus Gaertner f, and Dryobalanops Gaertner f will be discussed. Considering the very important role of Dipterocarpaceae, both biologically and economically, it is necessary to handle it sustainably, through the following actions such as conservation of genetic resources, seed physiology, seed handling, seedling ecology, root symbiosis and nutrition, pest and disease, management of natural forest, and plantation, and also non-timber forest product from Dipterocarpaceae. Dipterocarpaceae dikenal sebagai famili pohon yang sangat penting baik secara biologis maupun ekonomis. Penyebarannya di seluruh dunia meliputi wilayah Semenanjung Malaysia, Filipina, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Jawa, Sulawesi, Maluku hingga Papua. Famili Dipterocarpaceae memiliki nilai ekonomi yang tinggi, seperti menghasilkan kayu, balsam, damar, arang, lemak, buah, kulit kayu, minyak atsiri, dan kapur barus. Produk-produknya memiliki peran yang sangat penting untuk kebutuhan domestik dan ekspor. Sebagai perwakilan Dipterocarpace, nilai ekonomi Shorea Roxb. ex Gaertner f, Dipterocarpus Gaertner f, dan Dryobalanops Gaertner f akan dibahas. Mengingat peranan Dipterocarpaceae yang sangat penting, baik secara biologis maupun ekonomis, maka perlu dilakukan penanganan secara berkelanjutan, melalui tindakan-tindakan seperti konservasi sumber daya genetik, fisiologi benih, penanganan benih, ekologi semai, simbiosis dan nutrisi akar, hama dan penyakit, pengelolaan hutan alam, dan perkebunan, serta hasil hutan bukan kayu dari Dipterocarpaceae.