Objective. To investigate the occurrence and clinical correlation of the arg519-to-cys mutation in the type 11 procollagen gene in patients with osteoarthritis (OA).Methods. Sixty-six subjects from 7 families with a strong family history of generalized OA and 13 patients with erosive OA were evaluated clinically and radiologically. Blood samples from 58 subjects in the familial OA

Objective. There are few reports describing histopathologic changes associated with the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome. We describe a patient with multi-infarct dementia and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, in whom a brain biopsy was performed.Methods. Biopsy material from the left frontal cortex, including meninges, cortex, and underlying subcortical white matter, was investigated. Microscopic examination and special staining were performed.Results. Microscopic examination showed lumenal occlusion by thrombi, and marked endothelial hyperplasia of small meningeal and cortical arterioles.Conclusion. These findings suggest that the pathogenesis of this cerebral vasculopathy is noninflammatory and is associated with reactive endothelial hyperplasia and thrombosis of small arterioles.Anticardiolipin antibody (aCL) and the lupus anticoagulant are closely related antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) that react with anionic phospholipids present in cell membranes and components of the