This study examines the impacts of ESG on the corporate performance government-linked companies (GLCs) in Malaysia. For the period 2006-2012, ESG disclosure data were extracted from the Sustainalytics ESG performance reports, while financial data were obtained from the Bloomberg database. Data development analysis (DEA) was used to estimate efficiency in the first stage; a regression analysis was performed to test the relationship between ESG and efficiency in the second stage. The empirical results of this study show that GLCs focused more on governance disclosures, followed by social and environmental aspects. Moreover, governance will improve firm efficiency, but social and environmental factors have no similar effect. In conclusion, this study provides insight on the limited literature on ESG and informs the relevant stakeholders on the important ESG components for financial and investment decisions.

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The challenging world of business on corruption issues, the organization’s need to improve the rules, regulations, policies and guidelines especially in human resource practices to develop and enhance the quality of employees in terms of ethical, behaviour and moral conduct. The objective of this study is to look at the effects of training and development, recruitment and selection, and internal control policy on corruption risk. This study involves three different organizations which are the federal government, state government and statutory bodies. The respondents involved in this study are whom that have authorities in making decisions for the organization. Stratified sampling technique was used in the selection of sample. The analysis of bootstrapping for this study represents two elements which are recruitment and selection, and internal control policy are accepted with the t-value above 1.65 respectively. However, training and development is not significant. Hence, it shows that, recruitment and selection, and internal control are two important elements that are needed to be strengthened in order to improve the quality of employees in the organization, thus bringing success to the organization as a whole. Result of this study also contributed to the body of knowledge rotten apple theory.

The main intention of this paper is to examine the impact on firm Contribution/ OriginalityThis study contributes in the existing literature on the share-based compensation as an important component in the directors' compensation package and how it can boost the performance of the firms. Besides, this study contributes in the existing Islamic perspective literature by taking into consideration the implication of Shariah-compliance status.

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