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In this chapter, the idea of identification of outdoor buildings using mobile devices is presented. The prototype system involves integration of various hardware devices and a building identification application using sensor fusion. The goal is to allow real-time interaction with clients and provide ‘location-based’ information about the building after identification. Clients, such as a PDA, can wirelessly connect to a server that handles building identification requests. It consists of a GIS server, an application for communication with clients, an image database used to identify the building and a ‘location-based’ image processing application. The data collected include a captured image of the object concerned as well as the corresponding GPS positioning and orientation data. Several different image processing techniques are employed to study the different features of an image, including the colour structure, roof shape as well as building textures. Promising experimental results are presented showing both the individual feature matching and overall matching performance.

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