Background/Objectives: The eco-printing method is a dye transfer process that produces natural shapes of leaves and flowers on sheep leather. The research objective aimed at determining the quality of sheep crust leather using the eco-printing method. Methods/Statistical analysis: The research applied the experimental method using sixteen sheets of sheep crust leather. The study employed a completely randomized design. The treatments involved soaking the crust leather in a mordant of alum solution with several soaking times, namely (T0) = 0 hours, (T1) = 12 hours, (T2) = 24 hours, and (T3) = 36 hours; each of the treatments was repeated four times. The research variables included wet rubbing resistance, sweat resistance, washing resistance, tear strength, elongation, and seam strength. The data were analyzed using anova. Findings: The results showed that the soaking time did not significantly affect (P> 0.05) on tear strength, elongation, and seam strength. However, it had a significant effect (p <0.05) on wet rubbing resistance, sweat resistance, and washing resistance. Therefore, the crust leather soaked in the mordant of Aluminum potassium sulfate for 36 hours before being dyed using the ecoprinting method did not show any decrease in its physical quality. It even showed some improvements of wet rubbing resistance with the value of 4 and 5, sweat resistance with the value of 4, and washing resistance with 4 to 5. Novelty/Applications: Natural dyeing using the eco-printing method can be applied to sheep crust leather to improve the quality of wet rubbing resistance, sweat resistance, and washing resistance. It is also recommended that crust leather be soaked in Aluminum potassium Sulfate's mordant solution for 36 hours.

ABSTRAKPenelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kualitas batik kulit yang disamak dengan krom. Penelitian dilakukan secara bertahap dengan tahap pertama bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi natrium silika sebagai bahan pelepas lilin batik pada kulit samak krom. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) sebagai perlakuan adalah kosentrasi natrium silika yaitu P1 = 0 , P2 = 2 g/l, P3 = 4 g/L dan P4 = 6 g/L diulang 9 kali. Penelitian tahap kedua bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi jenis bahan warna yang digunakan dalam pewarnaan metode batik pada kulit kambing samak krom. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) sebagai perlakuan adalah jenis bahan pewarna yaitu P'1 = asam , P'2 = indigosol, P'3 = napthol dan P'4 = remazol diulang 9 kali. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penggunaan natrium silika kosentrasi 2 g/L menghasilkan prosentasi lilin yang terlepas sebesar 91,4 % serta tidak menurunkan kualitas kulit samak krom. Jenis bahan warna asam dan napthol memberikan kuat rekat dan kecerahan warna terbaik serta ketahanan cuci, air, keringat, tekuk dan gosok yang terbaik yaitu 4/5 sampai 5 pada skala abu abu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian kulit kambing samak krom dengan pewarnaan metode batik direkomendasikan menjadi salah satu bahan baku barang-barang kulit. Kata kunci : kualitas, batik kulit, samak krom ABSTRACTThe study aimed to evaluate batik quality by chrome tanned leather. Study was conducted in two stages, in which the first stage aimed to evaluate sodium silica as batik wax releasing agent on chrome leather. Completely randomized design (CRD) was applied in this study. The concentration of sodium silica was treated as treatments, in which Tl = 0, T2 = 2 g/L, T3: 4 g/L and T4 = 6 g/L. The second stage of the study was aimed to evaluate the type of dye used in batik method dyeing on chrome-tanned goat leather. CRD was used and the treatments were types of dye, i.e. T'1 = acid, T'2= indigosol, T'3 = napthol, T'4 = remazol. In both studies, 9 replicates were applied for each treatment. The use of sodium silicate concentration of 2 g/L resulted in the percentage of release wax of 91.4% and did not degrade the quality of chrome leather. The type of acid dyes and naphthol provided the best adhesion and color brightness and resistance to washing treatment, water, sweat, bend, and rub at 4/5 to 5 on a scale of gray. In conclusion, chrome tanned goat leather with batik dyeing method was recommended to become one of the raw materials of leather goods.

This study evaluated the color fastness and crust quality of eco-printed leather using various types of mordant in the natural dye of mangrove extract. This study used 20 sheepskin crusts and mangrove bark extract. This experimental study employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with different mordant types as the treatments. The types of mordant used were Aluminum Sulfate (Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ), Calcium Carbonate (CaCO 3 ), Citric Acid (C 6 H 8 O 7 ), and Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO 4 ). The results showed that the use of Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO 4 ) as a mordant gave a darker color and produced better color fastness on eco-printed leather to dry and wet rubbing with a value of 5 (very good), to washing with a value of 4-5 (good), and to sweat with a value of 5 (very good). The use of Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO 4 ) as a mordant improved the tensile strength (p= 0.078), decreased the elongation (p= 0.008), increased the elasticity (p= 0.000), and increased the cracking resistance (p= 0.013) of the ecoprinted leather as well as produced more stable stitch-tear strength of the eco-printed leather. It is concluded that using Ferrous Sulfate (FeSO 4 ) as a mordant gives a brownish yellow color, increases color fastness to wet rubbing, dry rubbing, washing, sweating, improves crust qualities especially tensile strength and cracking resistance, and decreases the elongation of eco-printed leather.

ABSTRACT. The study aimed to describe the product of batik ikat on leather generated by people of Sumbersekar, Dau, Malang, in terms of process, motifs and color quality. The type of research is qualitative. The collected data are about process of making batik ikat motif on tanned leather by people of Sumbersekar village and quality of its products that is obtained by observation, interviews, and laboratory analysis. Data analysis techniques are using data presentation and draw conclusions or verification. The results showed: 1) process of making leather with batik ikat motif on it is started by making the design, pattern, transferring the pattern onto the leather, binding and coloring using dye technique. To create texture of its motif, people use pebbles and small pieces of bamboo tied to the leather and use tie dye technique and spray technique for the coloring, both techniques combined with wax coating; 2) the batik motifs made by people of Sumbersekar are inspired by environment in their village, such as leaves, flowers, etc. The motifs commonly made in Sumbersekar are parang bunga, wiru jumputan, bunga jumputan, and wiru bunga, those are made by ikat system and jumputan technique; 3) the colors applied to the tanned leather with batik ikat motif are synthetic dyes based on naphtol. Quality of the tanned leather's adhesion strength of paint is 180.16 gram/cm 2 with the assessment of leaching resistance, perspiration resistance, scrub resistance, and resiliency durability, are about 5. It means that quality of tanned leather with batik ikat motif produced by people of Sumbersekar is very good. KEY WORDS: tanned leather, batik ikat, Sumbersekar, Dau Malang VOPSIREA PIELII CU MOTIVE BATIK IKAT ÎN SUMBERSEKAR, DAU MALANG, INDONEZIAREZUMAT. Studiul a urmărit să descrie tehnica de vopsire batik ikat realizată de comunitatea din Sumbersekar, Dau, Malang, Indonezia, în ceea ce priveşte desfăşurarea procesului, motivele şi calitatea culorii. Acest tip de cercetare este calitativă. S-au colectat date despre pielea tăbăcită, prelucrată prin tehnica batik ikat de către sătenii din Sumbersekar şi despre calitatea produselor, obţinute prin observare, interviuri şi analize de laborator. Sunt prezentate tehnicile de analiză a datelor şi concluziile în urma verificării. Rezultatele au arătat următoarele: 1) procesul de prelucrare a pielii cu motivul batik ikat începe prin proiectarea modelului, transferarea acestuia pe piele, legarea şi colorarea acesteia folosind tehnici de vopsire. Pentru a crea o textură, se folosesc pietricele şi bucăţi mici de bambus legate de piele, iar pielea se vopseşte prin tehnici precum tie dye (vopsire cu noduri), vopsire prin pulverizare şi vopsire combinată cu ceară; 2) motivele din regiunea Sumbersekar sunt inspirate de frunzele şi florile plantelor care se găsesc în jurul satului. Motivele utilizate în mod obişnuit în Sumbersekar sunt parang bunga, wiru jumputan, bunga jumputan şi wiru bunga, folosind tehnicile ikat şi jumputan; 3) culorile sunt aplicate prin tehnica batik ikat pe pielea tăb...

Mangrove stem (Rhizopora mucronata) contains a tannin compound which has potential as tanning material as well as tanner leather coloring. Meanwhile, the public uses more tannin from mimosa tannin and has not optimized the use of mangrove tannins. This study aimed to determine the quality of rabbit hide tanned from mangrove tannin and mimosa tannin. The material used was Rex rabbit hide of 1-year age cut. The research method used a completely random design (CRD) experiment. The treatment ratio of mangrove stem tannin and tannin mimosa concentration were 0:30%, 10:20%, 20:10% and 30%:0. The parameters measured by chemical properties consist of: degree of tanning, moisture, ash and tannin bound to the skin. Physical properties consisted of: tensile strength, elongation and sewing strength. The results showed that the use of mangrove tannin and mimosa tannin for tanning ratios had no significant effect (P> 0.05) on the level of tanning, moisture, ash, and tannin that were bound to tanned skin, tensile strength, elongation and sewing strength. The results showed that the quality of tanned hide had a tanning degree of 62.31%, 13.32% moisture content, 1.57% ash content, and 25.14% tannin content. The physical quality of tensile strength was 356.35 N/cm, elongation was 29.80% and sewing strength is 84.41 Kg/cm. The results of the quality of this tanned hide had fulfilled SNI 06-6121-1999 of leather goods. The conclusion was that tannin extract from mangroves can be used as vegetable tanning agent, with the same quality as mimosa tanning agent. KEY WORDS: mangrove tannin, mimosa tannin, rabbit hide, quality of hide CALITATEA PIELII DE IEPURE TĂBĂCITĂ CU MANGROVE (Rhizopora mucronata)REZUMAT. Tulpina de mangrove (Rhizopora mucronata) conţine un tanin care are potenţial ca material de tăbăcire, precum şi de colorare a pielii tăbăcite. Pe de altă parte, se foloseşte mai mult tanin din mimosa, iar utilizarea taninului din mangrove nu este optimizată. Acest studiu are scopul de a determina calitatea pielii de iepure tăbăcite cu tanin din mangrove şi tanin din mimosa. S-a utilizat ca material o piele de iepure Rex, la vârsta de 1 an. Metoda de cercetare a presupus desfăşurarea unui experiment cu design complet aleatoriu (CRD). Rapoartele de concentraţii de tanin din tulpină de mangrove şi tanin din mimosa au fost de 0:30%, 10:20%, 20:10% şi 30%:0. Parametrii măsuraţi prin proprietăţile chimice au reprezentat: gradul de tăbăcire, umiditate, cenuşă şi taninul legat de piele. Proprietăţile fizice au constat în: rezistenţă la tracţiune, alungire şi rezistenţă la coasere. Rezultatele au arătat că utilizarea taninului din mangrove şi a taninului din mimosa în raporturile de concentraţii menţionate nu a avut niciun efect semnificativ (P> 0,05) asupra valorilor gradului de tăbăcire, umidităţii, cenuşii şi taninului legat de pielea tăbăcită, rezistenţei la tracţiune, alungirii şi rezistenţei la coasere. Rezultatele au arătat că pielea tăbăcită a avut un grad de tăbăcire de 62,31%, umiditate 13,32%, conţinut de cenuşă 1,57% şi conţinut ...