Evaluation of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography Introduction: Coronary computed tomographic angiography (CCTA) has been widely accepted as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for coronary artery disease (CAD). The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of CCTA and its influence on modification of percutaneous revascularization strategies. Method: The study included two groups of patients: a main group (MG), including 100 patients screened with a suspect of severe CAD by CCTA and indication for coronary cineangiography (CINE), and a control group (CG) for comparison, including 100 patients selected during the same period, with indication for CINE according to clinical criteria or by positive functional tests. We evaluated the performance of CCTA for the diagnosis of lesions > 50% in coronary segments, arteries and patients and the revascularization strategies adopted. Results: The sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of CCTA were 86%, 95%, 71% and 100% for the coronary segments, 91%, 92%, 80% and 100% for the coronary arteries and 100%, 90%, 100% and 100% for patients, respectively. In the MG, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed in 90% of the patients, whereas in the CG, percutaneous coronary intervention was performed in 43% of the patients (P = 0.01). Conclusion: CCTA had a high diagnostic performance in detecting CAD and allowed ad hoc PCI to be performed in 90% of the patients. This strategy, however, must await randomized studies to confirm these results.

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RESUMOIntrodução: Os idosos representam significativa parcela da população em nosso País e a população com idade > 90 anos triplicou nas últimas três décadas. Este estudo retrospectivo teve como objetivo analisar os resultados da intervenção percutânea em pacientes nonagenários. Método: No total, foram avaliados, retrospectivamente, 31 pacientes nonagenários (G1), submetidos a tratamento coronário percutâneo, tratados entre janeiro de 1995 e janeiro de 2009. Esses pacientes foram comparados a outros 6.222 pacientes com idade < 80 anos (G2), tratados nesse mesmo período. Foram avaliadas as características clínicas, angiográficas e do procedimento, assim como os eventos cardíacos adversos maiores (ECAM) iniciais e tardios (óbito, acidente vascular cerebral, infarto do miocárdio, isquemia recorrente). Resultados: Os pacientes nonagenários apresentaram maior prevalência de diabetes, angina instável, comorbidades crônicas, doença coronária triarterial e fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo < 50%. O sucesso do procedimento diferiu entre os dois grupos (87% vs. 95,1%; P = 0,049), assim como a incidência hospitalar de óbito (6,4% vs. 0,3%; P = 0,022) e de infarto agudo do miocárdio (6,4% vs. 3,6%; P = 0,035). Na evolução tardia, ocorreram diferenças significativas na sobrevivência livre de ECAM (68% vs. 91%; P < 0,001). Fração de ejeção do ventrículo esquerdo < 50% (RR 1,08, IC 0,39-2,99; P = 0,022), mais de dois vasos coroná-rios com lesão > 50% (RR 1,82, IC 1,04-3,19; P = 0,011), lesão do tronco de coronária esquerda (RR 2,98, IC 0,97-9,17; P = 0,001), presença de angina instável (RR 2,48, IC 0,97-9,17; P = 0,0013) e presença de diabetes (RR 2,35, IC 1,21-4,55; P = 0,0015) foram as variáveis preditoras de ECAM. Conclusão: Os pacientes nonagenários demonstraram maior incidência de eventos cardiovasculares comparativamente aos pacientes mais jovens. No entanto, quando a técnica é factível e o paciente se encontra em condições ABSTRACT Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Ninety-Year-Old PatientsBackground: Elderly people represent a significant part of the Brazilian population and the population > 90 years has tripled in the past three decades. This retrospective study was aimed at analyzing the results of percutaneous coronary intervention in ninety-year-old patients. Method: Overall, 31 ninety-year-old patients (G1) undergoing percutaneous coronary treatment from January 1995 to January 2009 were retrospectively evaluated. These patients were compared to 6,222 patients < 80 years of age (G2), treated within the same period. Clinical, angiographic and procedure characteristics were assessed as well as early and late major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (death, stroke, myocardial infarction, recurrent ischemia). Results: Ninety-yearold patients had a greater prevalence of diabetes, unstable angina, chronic comorbidities, three vessel coronary disease and left ventricular ejection fraction < 50%. Procedure success was different between both groups (87% vs. 95.1%; P = 0.049), as well as the incidence of in-hospi...

Background: To date, there are no studies evaluating the use of the titanium-nitride-oxide coated stent in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. We have compared the performance of the Titan-2 ® stent to that of the second generation drug-eluting stents in this scenario. Methods: From 2011 to 2012, 284 patients were treated with the Titan-2 ® stent, of which 100 (35.2%) had multivessel coronary artery disease. This group was compared to 100 patients, of a group of 304 (38.9%) patients with multivessel coronary artery disease treated with second generation drug-eluting stents with durable or biodegradable polymers. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year. Results: Clinical, angiographic and procedure-related characteristics of the patients did not show differences between groups. Most patients in the Titan-2 ® group were male (70%), mean age was 68.4 ± 12.9 years and 25% were diabetic. Stable symptomatic patients were prevalent (68%), 51% had three-vessel disease and ventricular function was preserved (55.6 ± 12.7%). The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year in the Titan-2 ® group was 21% (vs. 17%; p = 0.59), death was observed in 3% (vs. 2%; p > 0.99) of the patients, acute myocardial infarction in 5% (vs. 4%; p > 0.99) and a new revascularization procedure in 13% (vs. 11%; p = 0.83). Definitive stent thrombosis was not observed in either group. Conclusions: The Titan-2 ® stent showed similar results to those of the second-generation drug-eluting stents, which makes it attractive for use in the complex scenario of patients with multivessel coronary artery disease.

Objectives: To correlate the permeability and clinical evolution of single and multilateral patients, bearers of obstructive atherosclerosis heart disease in the proximal third of the anterior descending coronary artery (DA), who were submitted to myocardial revascularization using the left internal mammary or underwent a drug eluting stent procedure. Method: This a case history cohort study in which two centers participated. Three hundred patients were retrospectively analyzed, whose lesions were treated at the proximal one third of the DA: in the G-1 group, 150 patients, underwent myocardial revascularization surgery and, the G-2 group, 150 patients, received drug eluting stents, 95 of them received paclitaxel and 55 received sirolimus. All major adverse cardiovascular events were registered during the period (MACE) during the period between the two procedures and the angiographic restudy. Deaths were not included in these MACE, since all patients were restudied through coronariography. There were clinical and angiographic demographic differences between the two groups: the G-1 patients showed a higher incidence of diabetes (29.3% versus 20.0%, p<0.05) and three artery atherosclerosis disease 50% versus 30.6%, p<0.05) with a lower incidence of one artery (13.3% versus 30.6%, p<0.001). Results: The permeability of the two procedures was quite high in both groups. Those patients free of MACE in G-1 RESUMOObjetivo: Correlacionar a permeabilidade e a evolução clínica de pacientes uni ou multiarteriais, portadores de doença coronária aterosclerótica obstrutiva no terço proximal da artéria coronária descendente anterior (DA), que foram submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica utilizando a mamária interna esquerda (MIE) ou que receberam stent com eluição de fármaco (SEF). Método: Este é um estudo de coorte histórico, com a participação de dois centros. Foram analisados, retrospectivamente, 300 pacientes, nos quais foi tratada lesão no terço proximal da DA: no Grupo 1 (G-1), 150 pacientes foram submetidos a cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica e no G-2, 150 receberam SEF, 95 desses stents de paclitaxel e 55 de sirolimo. Os principais eventos cardiovasculares adversos maiores (ECAM) foram registrados no período entre ambos os procedimentos e o reestudo angiográfico. O óbito não foi incluído nesses ECAM, já que todos os pacientes foram reestudados pela coronariografia. Ocorreram diferenças demográficas clínicas e angiográficas entre os dois grupos: os pacientes do G-1 apresentavam maior incidência de diabetes (29,3% vs. 20,0%; p < 0,05) e de doença aterosclerótica triarterial (50,0% vs. 30,6%; p < 0,05), com menor incidência de uniarteriais (13,3% vs. 30,6%; p < 0,001). Resultados: A permeabilidade da DA foi bastante alta, em ambos os grupos. Os pacientes livres de ECAM no G-1 e no G-2 ficaram assim distribuídos: em 12 meses, 98% vs. 97% (NS); em 24 meses, 93% vs. 94% (NS); e em 32 meses, 89% vs. 91% (NS). Conclusão: Ambas as técnicas de revascularização miocárdica para tratar a DA apresen-