The memory effects of mercury, gold and silver are eliminated by the use of sulfur containing complexing agents. In low concentrations (1 mg ml 21 ) of mercury and gold, the addition of 2% L-cysteine gives wash-out times of less than 1 min for both elements. At higher concentrations of gold and mercury, and at low concentrations of silver, the reagent is less effective. Thiourea, at a concentration of 1%, eliminates the memory effects of silver, also giving wash-out times of approximately 1.5 min. The use of thiourea with higher concentrations (100 mg ml 21 ) of mercury and gold delivers wash-out times of 1 min and 2 min, respectively. In a matrix similar to that found in many samples, the wash-out time for gold is less than 3.5 min and less than 2 min for mercury.

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Reduction of children's behavioral problems has the potential to ameliorate parental stress, mental health problems, and family dysfunction. The current study was designed as a 3-year longitudinal study with secondary data. A total of 99 caregivers with preschool aged children were required to complete two self-reported questionnaires: the Index of Child Care Environment and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. It demonstrated that a positive home-rearing environment had a positive influence on children's behavioral problem 3 years' later. Our study suggests that we may reduce behavioral problems in children's later development by providing a positive home rearing environment.

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