From both dynamic and static perspectives, this paper conducts a comprehensive analysis research on the urbanization efficiency of nine Chinese central cities from 2005 to 2017. The dynamic analysis of this research shows that the urbanization efficiency of China's central cities is generally raising its volatility. The invalid change of technology is the main threats to the improvement of urbanization efficiency. The static analysis shows that there are surplus resources allocation in some national central cities. In particular, labor resources are the most over-invested. Therefore, in the process of urbanization, the development of science and technology should be placed in an important position. China should choose the road of high-quality urbanization and intensive development.

Over the last three decades, dentistry has been a growing health care industry in the U.S. Although a significant amount of research has been done on various aspects of the U.S. dental care industry, few investigate productivity or efficiency of dental practices. This paper aims to contribute to the literature on the production prospect of the U.S. dental care industry at practice level. We apply the non-parametric Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method on the American Dental Association (ADA) Survey 2005 data to evaluate dental practice efficiencies. Our finding shows that the radial outputoriented DEA technical efficiencies among 117 sample practices vary from 0.561 to 1, with the mean equal to 0.907. The second-stage regression analysis represents that the overall technical efficiency is positively related to intensity of competition, dental hygienist delegation, percentage of patients from urban area, and negatively related to percentage of patients who do not have insurance or fail to show up for appointments.