This is the peer-reviewed, final accepted version for American Mineralogist, published by the Mineralogical Society of America.The published version is subject to change. Cite as Authors (Year) Title. American Mineralogist, in press.

Water is key to the evolution of the Earth's mantle because it could significantly affect the physical properties of the rocks in the Earth's interior, including viscosity, melting temperature, electrical conductivity, diffusion rate, and phase boundary (e.g.