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W ille m A. G r o o ta e rs ，C.I.C.M. with L i Shih-yu 李 世 瑜 and W a n g Fu-shih 王輔世 From July 7th to August 30th 1948，the writers undertook under the sponsorship of the Catholic University, Peking, an investigation of the village temples, their iconography and their history, in the territory of Hsiian-hua 宣 化 (South Chahar). This paper gives the full material collected in the 361 temples of the rural area only. The temples of the city itself, more than 200， were thought interesting enough to warrant a separate monograph, to be published next year. A preliminary report on our trip was published in v o l.V II of the pres ent journal2\ Another short paper3) has presented material on one of the cults of this area; this material w ill be found in a summary form in Part I ， chapter 9 of the present paper. Here is now the division followed in this study: 1) I wish to express my heartfelt thanks to M r. Fujieda Akira 藤 枝 晃 of the Kydto Oriental Institute and to Father Jos. M. Spae for their friendly assistance in granting access to much needed books. Fathers J. M. Goedertier, M. Van Overwalle and K. Arts kindly helped me in correcting the text, drawing the maps, and enlarging the photographs. 2) Willem A. Grootaers, Catholic University Expedition to Hsiian-hua {South Chahar).