Federal regulations and policies require institutions to establish procedures for ongoing IACUC oversight of approved animal care and use program activities including animal procedures. To fulfill these requirements, research institutions implement postapproval monitoring (PAM) programs designed to assure compliance in animal activities. Although several references commenting on the requirement to conduct PAM are available, few publications discuss actual best practices for accomplishing PAM. Here we use information collected through a survey of large academic research institutions to identify common practices for conducting PAM reviews. Many similarities and differences exist between institutions, which may or may not influence the overall quality of an institution's PAM program.

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Research programs utilizing animal models present a wide variety of risks to personnel safety. These risks stem from a range of hazards including well-recognized physical, chemical, or infectious hazards to novel or less-well defined hazards associated with new and emerging technologies. Institutions must provide appropriate oversight of occupational health and safety programs to help prevent and recognize personnel injury or illness. In this article, we review institutional responsibilities pertaining to animal research safety programs including their regulatory basis and practices necessary for their effective oversight.Keywords occupational health and safety, animal care and use program, institutional animal care and use committee, environmental health and safety, occupational health care services

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