Este artículo se enmarca en el análisis del comportamiento de la tasa de cambio nominal bajo el régimen de bandas que se observó en Colombia entre el 24 de enero de 1994 y el 24 de septiembre de 1999. El propósito principal es caracterizar los regímenes que registró la tasa de cambio nominal en este período (devaluación o revaluación) y la ley que gobernó su transición, a través de un sistema de cadenas de Markov. Concretamente, se utiliza el modelo de tendencias estocásticas segmentadas desarrollado en 1990 por James D. Hamilton y se modela la tasa de cambio semanal como si fuera generada por uno de los regímenes señalados.Palabras clave: banda cambiaria, realineamientos, política cambiaria, modelo de tendencias estocásticas segmentadas.
The trend observed from 1998 until 2019 over world disinflation and over the stabilization of national inflations at low levels is due to the behavior of US inflation. This can be said in the light of econometric results with quarterly US figures and other 30 countries of different continents. Indeed, these results favor such a hypothesis and do not favor alternative hypotheses that would emphasize the national monetary policies or deflationist shocks of "real" origin (non-monetary). Besides, the empirical evidence indicates that, in general terms, national monetary policies have been lax in this sense: monetary policy makers have taken advantage of the disinflationary trend from the US to execute lax policies by foreseeing related benefits (over the economic activity, for instance).
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