Batak Toba ethnic group has a cultural philosophy in guiding their lives. To achieve this philosophy, they carry out education because they are aware of education constituting the rung to achieve the philosophy. This study aims to examine the philosophy of Toba Bataknese culture to shape the mindset of the Batak Toba ethnic group about the importance of education. The study design is qualitative one with the descriptive approach. The techniques of collection data are carried out through library research as a literature material that can present data and be accompanied with supporting document constituting an important reference in this study. The result of the study shows that the cultural philosophy of the Batak Toba ethnic group is intended to the power and the effort to achieve sahala ownership and understanding on rajawi man. The Content of sahala includes hagabeon (having children), hasangapon (honor achieved through education, and experience), and hamoraon (wealth). And the concept of a Rajawi man is a freedom of self-development, freedom to build a vision and to pursue life ambitions. The values of hagabeon, hasangapon, hamoraon and life ambition can be achieved by undergoing education in order to form a good mindset and to gain knowledge. So, it is unsurprising that the education on ethnic Batak is quite developing and advanced.

The purpose of this study is to develop guidance and counseling module material to strengthen the resilience of problem adolescents. The study was conducted at High Schools (SMA) throughout Tarutung District. The research method used is the ADDIE Research and Development model. Preliminary observations show that adolescents in Tarutung sub-district still have low resilience levels. There are 19 teenagers who are confused about whether they like challenges and only 3 teenagers who don't like challenges. This is intended to measure a person's strength when experiencing life's challenges with all his difficulties. In fact, there are 2 teenagers who answered that they would not rise again after being confronted with illness, injury, or other misfortunes. Some teenagers also do not have a good relationship with their families. But all teenagers have the belief that God is able to help them in dealing with existing problems. This module material contains religious values and pays attention to the task of adolescent development. The results of the module validation conducted by 10 material experts concluded that the module is very feasible to be applied by adolescents. Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini mengembangkan materi modul bimbingan dan konseling untuk memberi penguatan resiliensi pada remaja bermasalah. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) se-Kecamatan Tarutung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development model ADDIE. Observasi awal menunjukkan bahwa remaja di Kecamatan Tarutung masih memiliki tingkat resiliensi rendah. Terdapat 19 remaja kebingungan apakah menyukai tantangan dan hanya 3 remaja yang tidak menyukai tantangan. Hal ini dimaksudkan untuk mengukur kekuatan seseorang ketika mengalami tantangan-tantangan hidup dengan segala kesulitannya. Bahkan terdapat 2 remaja yang menjawab tidak akan bangkit kembali setelah diperhadapkan dengan sakit penyakit, cidera atau kemalangan-kemalangan lainnya. Beberapa remaja juga tidak memiliki hubungan yang baik dengan keluarganya. Namun seluruh remaja memilliki keyakinan bahwa Tuhanlah yang dapat menolong mereka dalam menghadapi permasalahan yang ada. Materi modul ini mengandung nilai-nilai religius dan memperhatikan tugas perkembangan remaja. Hasil validasi modul yang dilakukan oleh 10 ahli materi menyimpulkan bahwa modul sangat layak untuk diterapkan oleh remaja.

Purpose of this research is to develop educative snake and ladder learning media to improve the understanding on concept of living creature on early childhood. The research was conducted in Bekasi municipality with R and D method. The results indicate that in aspects of (1) availability of learning media: 75% of teachers used the learning media optimally and 67% of teachers perceived that the learning media made available by the school was less supportive to the learning:(2) requirement: only 25% of teachers who used the game media in learning and 83% of teachers recognized that the learning material in theme books was very supportive to use the media;(3) process: 83% of teachers had difficulty to present the learning material due to children characteristics which are active and aggressive and 75% of teachers recognized that the children’s understanding level regarding the media presented was still low; expectation: 92% of teachers supported the making of educative snake and ladder learning media. Tests administered to the students regarding the living creative concept obtained average score 53,44, which means “insufficient.”

Fun educational learning media rarely exist in the elementary school environment . So this study aims to develop educational learning media snake ladder with plant theme for firist grade elementery school. This research was conducted in three elementery schools in Bekasi. The method used is a research and development model with Borg & Gall. The results show aspects of media needs only 25% of teachers using games in learning media. While as many as 83% of teachers think the learning material in the book is very supportive theme to use instructional media. Researchers also conduct tests to students about the concept of living things, especially plants with an average value of 43.33 which enter into the category of "less". Based on these findings, the researchers conducted the development of instructional media educational ladder snake plant subthemes. This medium-sized 2x3.5 m where each field contains information about the plant concepts that are tailored to the learning curriculum. Students also are directly involved with being pawns and dice made from flannel made safe with the size 30x30cm.

Youth who has the ability to adapt and survive in difficult times have a high level of resilience. This study aims to look at the dominant Behavior of adolescents currently and the youth resilience based on gender, types of school, and school major. The sample in this study was 264 high school teenagers in Indonesia. This study used a quantitative method with two design which is a cross-sectional survey and comparative studies. The results showed some of the most risk behaviors seen by students were smoking (84.09%), fighting parents (68.49%), skipping school (60.23%), fighting teachers and school principals (55.68%), and fighting between students (54.17%). The risk behaviors that were rarely seen by teenage students were drugs (5.68%), free sex (4.55%). Stealing (43.18%) and excessive drinking (41.67%) have moderate popularity. Also, there was no significant difference in resilience-based on gender, type of school, and school major. These studies provide an overview of schools of the importance of the availability of Counseling Guidance teachers in providing guidance services and resilience materials.