The curriculum continues to change and is developed according to the needs of the time. The purpose of curriculum development is to be able to facilitate all the needs of students so that the learning objectives are achieved optimally. The independent curriculum emerged as a renewal of the previous curriculum. One aspect that has changed is the teaching device in the form of teaching modules with many components in it. Therefore, most teachers experience difficulties in their preparation. The purpose of this study was to find out how the teacher's readiness and ability to develop teaching modules based on the Merdeka curriculum and steps that can be taken to improve the teacher's ability to develop teaching modules. Writing this article using a literature approach (literature review). The results of the study found that there were still many teachers who were not fully prepared to implement the independent learning curriculum, this could be seen from the fact that there were still many teachers who were unable and had difficulty in compiling teaching tools, one of which was the teaching module. Concrete efforts are needed to improve teacher abilities and competencies, including by holding training and or technical guidance related to the preparation of teaching devices according to the demands of the Merdeka curriculum. Thus, the problem of unpreparedness and the inability of teachers to compile teaching modules can be resolved properly.

Kegiatan belajar ialah proses pendidikan secara menyeluruh yang didalamnya terdapat tahapan interaksi antara pendidik dan peserta didik yang saling berhubungan dalam keberlangsungan proses pembelajaran. Untuk menjadi seorang pendidik tidak cukup hanya memiliki ilmu yang mendalam, tetapi transfer ilmu ini memerlukan ilmu yang baik dan benar. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimanakah peningkatan hasil belajar tematik dengan menggunakan model PBL  Di Kelas V SDN 14 Ulakan Tapakis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas, dengan subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas SDN 14 Ulakan Tapakis yang berjumlah 20 orang, 11 siswa perempuan dan 9 siswa laki-laki. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil observasi dilihat dari sisi guru yaitu 78,57% siklus I meningkat menjadi 94,63% pada siklus II. Sedangkan dilihat dari aspek siswa yakni 80,35 % pada siklus I meningkat menjadi 94,63 % pada siklus II. maka peneliti dapat menyimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model dalam pembelajaran tematik terpadu dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.

Learning social studies and Civics is very much a practice in life, so it must be well designed and adapted to technological developments. This study aims to analyze the ICT-based conception of IPS-Civics in elementary schools. This research is a literature review in the form of ICT studies in Social Sciences and Civics learning at schools which are published in national journals or reports. The conclusion of research on the use of ICT in education is important to support educational processes and outcomes. As educational implementers, teachers need to design the learning process by creating the right atmosphere so that the learning process runs effectively, efficiently and interestingly. ICT in elementary schools must be developed by teachers in the learning processtoprovide meaningful and enjoyable learning each student. Keywords: Learning design, IPS and Civics, ICT

Learning design models are used so that learning activities run smoothly and are varied. Most teachers still have not implemented learning models, so teachers are less able to stimulate students in finding and solving problems contained in learning material. This study aims to determine the Civics and Social Studies learning design models that are often used in Indonesia and in various countries at the elementary school level. Writing this article using qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out by means of a literature study. The results of the study found that without designing and using the right model, learning activities could fail, even though the material prepared was as interesting as possible. The selection of learning design models can be seen from the conditions, needs, nature of teaching materials, characteristics of students, and learning media. In Indonesia, the learning design models that are often used are the ADDIE, ASSURE, and Dick and Carey. While the learning design models implemented by several countries are the STEM model (America, South Korea and Finland), the DMKK model (Japan), the Discovery Learning (Marland and Turkey), and the Mind Mappingy (Arabia, Turkey and Australia). Teachers are guided to be able to apply learning design models when learning activities take place in order to achieve the expected learning objectives.

The purpose of this study is to know the students' learning difficulties by grade VI students. The research approach used is qualitative approach. The subject of this research is the students of grade VI State Elementary School 14 Ulakan Tapakis. Key informant in this research is class VI teacher, while the next informant is grade VI student which is taken based on the suggestion of key informant. Data collection techniques used  interviews, and documentation, while to test the validity of data used triangulation technique. Based on the result of the research are students' learning difficulties are caused by internal and external factors. The interent factor is a factor from the students themselves; they are cognitive, effective, psychotic. and external factors, namely those that arise from outside the learner's self, such as the family environment, village/community environment. The efforts that can be use by teachers in overcoming the learning difficulties of class VI students at SDN 14 Ulakan Tapakis are given tasks or instructions in detail, teach the main idea of ??the lesson, provide physical contact/reword