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Foreign bodies impacted in the maxillofacial region are often a diagnostic challenge. They can be a source of chronic inflammatory reactions and infections leading to the formation of an orocutaneous fistula. Such orocutaneous fistulas cause significant morbidity in most patients, eventually requiring surgery. Recently, we encountered a very rare case of an orocutaneous fistula caused by multiple foreign bodies in the cheek. Precise removal of the foreign bodies was required, and a double-sided anterolateral thigh free flap was used to reconstruct the defect. Surgeons should be aware of the complications of multiple foreign bodies and should be able to diagnose these on careful clinical examination.

Tubercular infection of the chest wall is rare and typically progresses to abscess formation. Treatment of these abscesses combines medical therapy with surgical debridement, which can cause defects of various sizes. This case report describes reconstruction of relatively small chest wall defects caused by tubercular abscesses with the use of two different flaps: a lateral intercostal artery perforator flap and a split pectoralis major muscle flap. The use of these flap techniques may provide a novel approach to cover small chest wall defects caused by tubercular abscesses.

Background Conventional upper blepharoplasty through a supratarsal incision is commonly performed for periorbital rejuvenation. However, the drawbacks of this technique include insufficient removal of lateral hooding and an unnatural postoperative appearance. Subbrow upper blepharoplasty with submuscular fascia fixation was developed to avoid these shortcomings. Herein, we report our experiences with this technique and present an objective analysis of the results. Methods Subbrow upper blepharoplasty was performed in 30 patients between June 2016 and October 2017. All patients had preoperative frontal view photographs, and the distance from the upper lid margin to the lower edge of the eyebrow was measured at the lateral limbus (LBD-L). Results Between preoperative and postoperative measurements, the LBD-L was shortened by an average of 0.800 and 0.833 mm on the right and left, respectively (P=0.047 and P=0.070). Most patients were satisfied with their aesthetic appearance and the improvement of their visual field. Conclusions The lid-to-brow distance was minimally changed by the procedure, but the results were aesthetically favorable. This seemingly paradoxical finding is explained by the characteristics of the surgical procedure and the related anatomy. Among the various possible blepharoplasty techniques, subbrow upper blepharoplasty with submuscular fascia fixation has definite value for Asians.

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