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Since the introduction of Pulsating Heat Pipes (PHPs) in early 1990s, PHPs have received a lot of attention due to their obvious advantages such as the geometrical simplicity, and the potential for high-heat flux applications even without power consumption. Although numerous investigators have studied PHPs over the last three decades, there still exist a few controversial issues on fundamental characteristics and several technical problems in practical applications. To put finishing touches to the controversial issues and to shed light on technical problems, recent advances in PHPs are critically reviewed in this paper. The results of the critical review are classified into two categories: (i) fundamental aspects of PHPs and (ii) practical aspects of PHPs. First category focuses on reviewing the current state of the art on the fundamental characteristics of PHPs. Second category summarizes the technical problems which are resolved for utilizing PHPs in practical applications. This review paper would help researchers or engineers who are working on or utilizing PHPs.

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