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To identify the vulnerability of recovery sleep, this study investigated the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea during daytime sleep following overnight flights in healthy airline pilots. We conducted daytime polysomnography following a long-haul nighttime flight in 103 pilots. The following variables were assessed: apnea-hypopnea index, respiratory disturbance index and oxygen desaturation index. Moderateto-severe obstructive sleep apnea was defined as an apnea-hypopnea index ≥15. Seventy-three pilots (70.9%) with no known history of obstructive sleep apnea presented with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea. Pilots showed high mean apnea-hypopnea, respiratory disturbance and oxygen desaturation indices. The body mass index, Berlin questionnaire score and cumulative flight time contributed to these indices, with both body mass index and cumulative flight time remaining significant at an apnea-hypopnea index ≥15. We found that pilots are vulnerable to obstructive sleep apnea during daytime sleep after night-time flights, which may deteriorate their health, increase fatigue and impair overall flight safety. Further research is needed to ensure flight safety, as daytime recovery sleep is unavoidable for night-time flight pilots. The pilots' normal and recovery sleep patterns should both be studied to develop an effective sleep management protocol.

As smartphones have recently become one of the most popular devices worldwide, various convenient applications are being released. Now smartphones not only provide the ordinary internal processes such as dialing or receiving phone calls, sending text messages, and doing mobile banking wherever we are, but they also are beginning to control various other devices that are part of our lives. Through the smartphone using mobile applications, we can remotely control a variety of external devices such as TVs, projectors for presentations, computers, and even cars. This paper presents the design and implementation of a remote lock system using wireless communications. The remote lock system is a lock system that can be controlled remotely by a dedicated Android application. The main function of the Android smartphone is equipped with Bluetooth so that a lock can be opened and managed via the application functions. The users' lock information in real time can be stored and managed in the database via a server that a server manager builds and manages. Even though users forget the password, our proposed lock system also guides them to find it easily, and provides the user's manual. Using this system, users can do a variety of management functions such as adding, deleting, modifying, and purchasing the user's own locks.