Objective to investigate the prevalence and the related risk factors of Melasma in Nanjing female gas station workers. Methods The 677 women workers of general conditions, living habits and behaviors, menstruation and fertility situation, career, genetic conditions, Melasma prevalence data were collected in the form of questionnaires. After investigation, multivariate analysis was applied to the risk factors of Melasma. Using SPSS statistical software 22.0, inspection level is p = 0.05. P <0.05 indicates that the difference was statistically significant. Results A total of 677 female workers in the Nanjing gas station participated in the survey: 479 were confirmed Melasma and the prevalence is 70.6%. Analysis of related factors of Melasma, older patients with Melasma increased risk of OR=1.624 (1.383-1.906); The risk of Melasma increased in mothers and/or sisters. The OR values of mother, sister, mother, and sister were 2.151 (1. 082-4.277), 4.17 (1.403-12.398), 4.079 (1.386-12.007), respectively. The length of the menstrual cycle was negatively correlated with Melasma OR = 0.623 (0.414 -0.938); the risk of Melasma in one abortion was lower than that in two abortions (OR = 0.564, 0.335-0.95). The risk of Melasma in the cesarean section was lower than that in spontaneous delivery (OR = 0.607, 0.404-0.913). Conclusion The prevalence of Melasma among female workers in Nanjing gas station is related to age, heredity, length of the menstrual cycle, the number of abortions, and mode of birth.