The impact of global climate change is gradually intensifying, and the frequent occurrence of meteorological disasters poses a serious challenge to crop production. Analyzing and evaluating agricultural multi-hazard meteorological disaster risks based on historical disaster data and a summary of disaster occurrences and development patterns are important bases for the effective reduction of natural disaster risks and the regulation of agricultural production. This paper explores the technical system of agricultural multi-hazard meteorological disaster risk assessment and establishes a disaster risk assessment model based on the historical disaster data at the regional level from 1978–2020 in the first national comprehensive natural disaster risk census, carrying out multi-hazard meteorological disaster risk assessments in 18 major grain-producing regions in Jilin province. The empirical evidence shows: (1) drought and flood disasters are the key disasters for agricultural meteorological disaster prevention in Jilin province. Hotspots of drought and flood disasters are widely distributed in the study area, while hail and typhoons are mainly concentrated in the eastern region with a certain regionality. (2) The risk values of the four major meteorological disasters all decreased with the increase of the disaster index. Under the same disaster index, the disaster risk of various disasters in the main grain-producing areas is as follows: drought > flood > typhoon > hail. Under different disaster indices, Jiutai, Nongan, Yitong, Tongyu, and other places all presented high and medium–high risk levels. (3) From the spatial evolution trend, along with the rising disaster index, the risk of multi-hazard meteorological hazards is spatially oriented in a southeastern direction, and the risk level of multi-hazard meteorological hazards in the central part of the study area decreases gradually along with the increasing damage index. In addition, regional agricultural multi-hazard meteorological disaster risk reduction recommendations are made in three aspects: institutional construction, management model, and reduction capacity.

The impact of global climate change has intensified, and the frequent occurrence of meteorological disasters has posed a serious challenge to crop production. This article conducts an integrated risk assessment of agricultural drought disasters in the main grain-producing areas of Jilin Province using the temperature and precipitation data of the study area from 1955 to 2020, the sown area of crops, historical disaster data, regional remote sensing images, and statistical yearbook data. The agricultural drought integrated risk assessment model was built around four factors: drought hazards, vulnerability of hazard-bearing bodies, sensitivity of disaster-pregnant environments, and stability of disaster mitigation capacity. The results show that the study area has shown a trend of changing from wet to dry and then wet over the past 66 years, with the occasional occurrence of severe drought, and a decreasing trend at a rate of −0.089. (10a)−1 overall. The integrated risk of drought in the study area exhibits regional clustering, and the overall risk level has some relationship spatially with the regional geological tectonic units, with the high-risk level concentrated in the central area of Song Liao Basin and close to the geological structure of Yishu Graben and the low risk level concentrated in the marginal area of Song Liao Basin. Based on the results of the risk factor analysis, integrated risk prevention suggestions for drought in the main grain-producing areas of Jilin Province were put forward from four aspects. Fine identification and evaluation of high-risk areas of agricultural drought can provide a quantitative basis for effective drought resistance activities in relevant areas.

Reasonable planning and construction of emergency shelters is of great significance in improving the ability of cities to prevent and mitigate disasters and ensuring urban public safety. From the perspective of the needs of the evacuees, this paper constructs an evaluation index system for the service function of emergency evacuation places in four aspects: effectiveness, accessibility, safety and rescue responsiveness. This paper takes the central city of Songyuan as the case study area. We apply the entropy weight–TOPSIS–grey correlation method to evaluate the service functions of emergency shelters in the central city of Songyuan and determine their service function levels. An interactive analysis using the bivariate Moran index is used to determine the current state of supply and demand for places of refuge, in terms of their service functions and population distribution. It also makes recommendations for optimisation, based on the extent to which the service function of the emergency shelter is coordinated with the distribution of the population. The results show that of the 54 emergency shelters in the central city of Songyuan, the low and medium service function levels are divided into 33 and 15, with problems such as unreasonable spatial layout and inadequate emergency supplies and medical resources. The future construction of emergency shelters should focus not only on increasing the number and improving the scale, but also on considering the characteristics of population distribution, optimising the spatial distribution pattern and making full use of existing resources such as parks, squares and schools. The establishment of composite spatial resources for disaster preparedness and the promotion of a government-led model of interconnected shelter and emergency infrastructure can effectively enhance the spatial resilience of cities in response to natural hazards.

In recent years, the development of urbanization in China has entered a new stage with “quality” as its core. In the process of sustainable urban development, urban planning and construction relics are precious historical warnings and educational resources, and in the stage of accelerated urbanization, social transformation, and industrial upgrading, urban sites face severe pressure and challenges for conservation. This paper presents a summary analysis of various international charters concerning historical and cultural heritage in recent times, and analyzes the urban spatial structure, urban functional zoning, and the differences and evolutionary characteristics of urban construction sites between the pseudo-Manchukuo Xinjing plan and other regions of the world in the same period from a global perspective. The city of Changchun is also used as an example to systematically analyze the existing relics in Changchun using a historical-geographical perspective and spatial analysis methods. The results show that, firstly, the conservation objects of Chinese relics are being enriched and the scope of protection is being expanded, but that there is a lack of protection and utilization of urban heritage and its surrounding environment. Secondly, that the road network system and spatial structure of the pseudo-Manchukuo Xinjing city planning are basically preserved, that the urban green space and functional zoning have been changed, and that the architectural relics show a spatial distribution trend of north-north-east. Thirdly, that the urban functional zoning has been used to construct an urban relics protection area in which three suggestions for the protection of urban relics have been put forward: to establish a holistic protection system for urban planning functional areas; to establish a “district-axis-point” trinity protection model to promote the effective function recovery of urban planning and construction functional areas; and to continue the effective functions of the city. This provides reference for the study of modern urban planning ideas and solutions for current sustainable urban development, upgrading of public service facilities, and green low-carbon urban transformation.

As a susceptible demographic, elderly individuals are more prone to risks during sudden disasters. With the exacerbation of aging, new challenges arise for urban disaster reduction and prevention. To address this, the key is to establish a community-scale resilience assessment framework based on the aging background and to summarize factors that influence the resilience level of communities. This approach is a crucial step towards seeking urban disaster prevention and reduction from the bottom up, and serves as an important link to enhance the capacity of urban disaster reduction. This paper explores community resilience evaluation indicators under the background of aging, builds a community resilience evaluation index system based on the Pressure–State–Response, uses the entropy weight method to weigh the indicators, and carries out a resilience evaluation of 507 communities in the main urban area of Changchun. The empirical results indicate significant spatial differentiation of community resilience in the main urban area of Changchun. Moreover, the regional development is unbalanced, showing a spatial distribution pattern of weakness in the middle and strength in the periphery. The ring road network highlights the difference between the new and old urban areas. The high contribution indexes of community resilience in the main urban area of Changchun were concentrated on disaster relief materials input, community self-rescue ability, and disaster cognition ability. Finally, strategies to improve community resilience are proposed from the perspectives of stress, state, and response, emphasizing community residents’ participation, conducting disaster prevention and reduction training, and improving community response-ability.