The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro lethal effect of a methanolic extract (ME) from Caesalpinia coriaria fruits against Haemonchus contortus eggs and infective larvae. The anthelmintic activity was assessed using the egg hatching inhibition assay (EHI) and the mortality test. The ME was assessed using five concentrations as follows: 6.15, 3.12, 1.56, and 0.78 mg/mL to eggs and 150, 100, 75, and 50 mg/mL to larvae, respectively. Ivermectin (5 mg/mL) was used as positive control and 4% methanol and distilled water were used as negative controls. The data of ovicidal and larvicidal effect were analyzed with a completely randomized design through ANOVA analysis using the general linear model (GLM) and lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) were estimated through a Probit analysis using the SAS program. A clear ME increased concentration dependence effect was observed in the EHI and mortality tests. The highest activity of the methanolic extract was observed at the highest concentration (P < 0.05) to obtain a similar effect to the positive control (ivermectin), with LC50 = 78.38 and 0.00064 mg/mL and LC90 =235.63 and 0.024 mg/mL, respectively, for larvae and eggs. The results indicate that the C. coriaria fruit ME possesses in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal properties (gallotannins: methyl gallate) against H. contortus that needs to be investigated more in vivo for the control of gastroenteric nematodes in ruminants.

No abstract

Haemonchus contortus is a gastrointestinal parasite of small ruminants. The objective was to evaluate the effect of the acetonic and ethanolic extract of the Caesalpinia ciriaria fruits on the egg hatching inhibition (EHI) of Haemonchus contortus in small ruminants. The inhibition effect of hatching was evaluated at different concentrations of the extracts (acetonic: 20.0, 10.0, 5.0, 2.5, 1.2 and 0.6 mg / mL), (ethanolic: 6.15, 3.12, 1.56 and 0.78 mg / mL) and methanol to the 4% with distilled water as negative control and 0.5% ivermectin as positive control, were used. The ovicidal effect data were analyzed with a completely randomized design by analysis of variance using the general linear model and the tukey test (P <0.05); the lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90) were estimated by the Probit analysis of the statistical analysis systems (SAS) program. Concentration dosage depended extracts effects, were observed, where the ovicidal activity was comparatively similar to the positive control to the doses of 1.2 mg / mL for the acetonic extract (AE) and 0.78 mg / mL for the ethanolic extract (EE), respectively (P <0.0001). The LC50 were AE = 0.23 mg / mL and EE = 0.014 mg / mL; LC90 AE = 1.04 mg / mL and EE = 0.14 mg / mL, for each extract, respectively. The results indicate that the EHI of the extracts elaborated with the C. coriaria fruits in acetonic and ethanolic solvent extract secondary compounds that have activity against H. contortus eggs, nevertheless, requires of greater investigations as antiparasitic for its direct animal use