This study aimed to investigate whether carboxypeptidase-H antibody (CPH-Ab) can help identify latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). Phenotypic type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients (n= 1296) were studied for CPH Abs and autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD-Abs). CPH-Ab(+) T2D patients also underwent testing for insulinoma protein tyrosine phosphatase (IA-2A). Clinical features were compared among CPH-Ab(+), GAD-Ab(+), and Ab(-) T2D patients. Some of the antibody-positive patients were followed up for 3 years to assess beta cell function. The prevalence of CPH-Abs in T2D patients was 4.8%, significantly higher than that in controls. Double positivity was rare between CPH-Abs and GAD-Abs or IA-2A. Compared to patients with Ab(-) T2D, those with CPH-Ab(+) T2D had lower BMI, lower fasting C-peptide (FCP) levels, and more frequent ketosis, while not as much as did those with GAD-Ab(+) T2D. The mild beta cell dysfunction in patients with CPH-Ab(+) T2D was associated with their longer duration of diabetes. No marked change of C-peptide in the CPH-Ab(+) group was found during follow-up. These findings demonstrated that CPH-Abs may allow discrimination of a more latent subset of adult-onset autoimmune diabetes (LADA) whose features are intermediate between those with classic GAD-Ab(+) LADA and patients with Ab(-) T2D.

This study aimed to explore the clinical efficacy of the combination of different antihistamines in treating chronic urticaria and its influence on serum IgE levels. Sixty patients with chronic urticaria were randomly enrolled into an antihistamine single treatment group (ST) and a united treatment group (UT), with 30 cases in each group. Urticaria activity score (UAS), dermatology life quality index (DLQI), and symptom score reduction index (SSRI) were recorded at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment. Serum levels of leptin, interleukin-4 (IL-4), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and human immunoglobulin E (IgE) were also measured. We observed that the clinical symptoms and signs of the ST group and the UT group improved after treatment, respectively. Compared with the patients receiving single-drug treatment, the number of wind masses, itching degree, UAS score, and DLQI score were decreased in the UT group at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment, while IL-4 and IgE levels were decreased and serum leptin and IFN-γ levels were increased (p < 0.05). The total effective rates (TERs) of patients receiving the single treatment and united treatment were 66.7% and 76.7% at 2 weeks after treatment, and 70.0% and 83.3% at 4 weeks, respectively. The TERs in the UT group at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment were much higher, while those in the ST group were lower (p < 0.05). Both single and combined antihistamines were effective in treating chronic urticaria. However, the combination treatment had a higher clinical cure rate, effectively reduced the IgE level in patients, greatly alleviated clinical symptoms, and improved the quality of life (QOL). RezumatAcest studiu a avut ca scop explorarea eficacității clinice a combinației unor antihistaminice în tratarea urticariei cronice și a influenței acestora asupra nivelului seric al IgE. Șaizeci de pacienți cu urticarie cronică au fost înrolați în mod aleatoriu într-un grup de tratament antihistaminic unic (ST) și un grup de tratament combinat (UT), cu 30 de cazuri în fiecare grup. Scorul de activitate a urticariei (UAS), indicele de calitate a vieții dermatologice (DLQI) și indicele de reducere a scorului simptomelor (SSRI) au fost înregistrate la 2 și 4 săptămâni după tratament. De asemenea, au fost măsurate nivelurile serice de leptină, interleukină-4 (IL-4), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) și imunoglobulină E (IgE). Am observat că simptomele și semnele clinice ale grupului ST și, respectiv, ale grupului UT s-au îmbunătățit după tratament. În comparație cu pacienții care au primit tratament cu un singur medicament, gradul de prurit, scorul UAS și scorul DLQI au scăzut în grupul UT la 2 și 4 săptămâni după tratament, în timp ce nivelurile de IL-4 și IgE au scăzut, iar nivelurile de leptină și IFN-γ din ser au crescut (p < 0,05). Ratele efective totale (TER) ale pacienților care au primit tratamentul unic și tratamentul combinat au fost de 66,7% și 76,7% la 2 săptămâni după tratament și, respectiv, 70,0% și 83,3% la 4 săptămâni. TER-urile din grupul UT la 2 și 4 săptămâni după tratament au fost mult mai mari, în ti...