Low doses (< 1 cGy) of 60 kVp X-rays protect HeLa x skin fibroblast human hybrid cells against neoplastic transformation in vitro.

No abstract

The aim was to define the dose--response curve for high-energy proton-induced neoplastic transformation in vitro. The HeLa x skin fibroblast human hybrid cell assay was used to determine the frequency of neoplastic transformation following doses of 232 MeV protons (mean linear energy transfer, LET=0.44 keV microm(-1)) in the range 5-600 mGy. Proton irradiations were carried out at the Loma Linda University Proton Treatment Facility, CA, USA. The data indicate no evidence for induction of transformation below a dose of 100 mGy. At doses of 5 and 50 mGy, there is evidence for a possible suppression of transformation frequencies below that for spontaneous transformation. The shape of the dose--response curve for high-energy proton-induced transformation of the human hybrid cell line CGL1 does not follow a linear no-threshold model and shows evidence for a threshold as well as for possible suppression of transformation at doses <100 mGy, similar to that seen for other low-LET radiations.

For the endpoint of neoplastic transformation in vitro, high dose-rate data may be sufficient to estimate low dose-rate effects (20 cGy/h) in the dose range up to 100 cGy from 232 MeV protons. The data are of relevance to risk estimation for space travel.