Abstract. Termites of the genus Reticulitermes are characteristic of temperate regions. Their colonies comprise various castes, the most numerous being that of workers which can develop into soldiers or secondary reproductives (neotenics). Each caste has a mixture of hydrocarbons (HCs) on the cuticle forming a chemical signature. The primary aim of this study was to compare the changes in the chemical signature of a population of worker termites fed on paper with juvenile hormone to differentiate them into soldiers with a control population of termites fed only on paper or wood for one month. Gas chromatography was used to analyze the cuticular profi les of Reticulitermes fl avipes termites to determine whether they changed, and, if so, when and how. The data collected over one month showed that the workers fed with JH did not differentiate into soldiers but that there were progressive changes in the hydrocarbon profi le independent of the treatment. These results indicate that the differentiation of the chemical signature of the worker caste is a dynamic process, depending only on time and not on colony membership, confi rming that, for these termites, this signature has a lesser role in colony membership than caste membership, unlike the chemical signatures of other social insects. The temporal process of this cuticular change is also associated with a change in the alkene / methyl-branched alkane ratio.
Résumé. Synchronization endogène de la signature chimique des termites ouvriers du genreReticulitermes (Isoptera : Rhinotermitidae). Les termites du genre Reticulitermes sont courants dans nos régions tempérées. Leurs sociétés sont composées de différentes castes, celle des ouvriers étant la plus abondante, les individus pouvant y évoluer en soldats ou reproducteurs secondaires. Chaque caste possède une mixture de composés cuticulaires (hydrocarbures) formant une signature chimique quantitative propre à chacune. Le but au départ de cette étude était de comparer la signature chromatographique d'ouvriers Reticulitermes fl avipes nourris par de l'hormone juvénile pour suivre la modifi cation de signature chimique lors de leur induction en soldat. L'expérience qui a duré plus d'un mois n'a pas permis la différentiation en soldat mais a permis de montrer que la signature chimique des ouvriers subissait une modifi cation synchrone pour les 3 colonies analysées, quelque soit le traitement subi, l'environnement, et sans montrer de variations coloniales, à la différence des variations classiquement vues chez les autres insectes sociaux. Ce processus dynamique est également concomitant à la modifi cation de proportions de différentes composés (méthylés versus insaturés) au cours des semaines.
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