Chiral calix[4]arenes bearing long tertiary alkyl groups at the upper rim and S-1-phenylethylamine groups at the lower rim can form heat-set gels and egg-like vesicles enantioselectively with d-2,3-dibenzoyltartaric acid in cyclohexane, which is the first example of heat-set gels resulting from difference in interactions between two component gelators: in addition, the diameter of vesicles decreased with the increase in length of alkyl groups, which could be used to control the size of the vesicles.
Chiral para-tert-butylcalix[4]arene bearing (S)-alpha-methylbenzylamine groups at lower rim only self-assembles with one of two enantiomers of 2,3-dibenzoyltartaric acid into coiled nanofibers and the coiled nanofibers only stack with the nanofibers having the same handedness to construct bigger ribbon-like fibers bearing porosity.
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