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A fermentation of marine fungus Penicillium janthinellum DT-F29 on solid rice medium led to the isolation of three new compounds, brefeldin D (1) and penialidins D-E (5-6), along with other five known brefeldins and penialidins. The structures of above compounds were determined on the basis of MS and NMR analysis.

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One new indolocarbazole alkaloid, 12-N-methyl-k252c, together with eight known indolocarbazoles were isolated from the rice solid fermentation of the marine-derived Streptomyces sp. A22. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, HRESITOF MS, 1D NMR and 2D NMR). All of these compounds were evaluated for bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) inhibitory activities and cytotoxic activity assay, respectively. Compounds 4 and 5 showed moderate cytotoxic activity with an IC value of 3.52 and 3.93 μM, respectively. Additionally, compound 1 also was tested for enzyme inhibition activities of protein kinases and showed moderate activity with IC values of 0.91-1.84 μM.