Cervical cancer is considered to be one of the most serious malignant tumors in women. Natural compounds have been considered as important sources in the search for new anticancer agents. Polygonum chinense (PC) has been used as herbal medicine and Chinese cool tea. By activity-guided of the extracts from PC, PCwater shows good growth inhibition on SiHa cell, then by chromatographic analysis (HPLC and HPLC-MS/MS), we found twelve components, seven were phenolic compounds (PHE), two PHE named ellagic acid and corilagin were found to show strong growth inhibition effects in SiHa cell dose-dependently, while the seven phenolic compounds showed low inhibition on the common human HcerEpic cell. Further research found ellagic acid and corilagin induced G2 phase cell cycle arrest by upregulating levels of P53, Bcl-2, caspase 3, and caspase 9, while the Bax was reduced. These results suggested that PHE from PC might have potential anticancer effects against SiHa cells by acting through the apoptosis pathway, PHE from PC might have the potential to be used as a nutraceutical for the prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer.