Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a typical obstructive pulmonary disease. It is often accompanied by respiratory problems and airflow obstruction, which is mainly manifested as shortness of breath and expectoration (Graf et al., 2018; Hou et al., 2019). Cigarette smoking, air pollution, and dust remain the main causes of COPD (Soriano et al., 2018). COPD is an important public health issue that has become the third leading cause of death in China (Zhou et al., 2016). According to epidemiological data, its prevalence in China was 8.6% in 2015, with about 9.99 million patients suffering from COPD (Wang et al., 2018; Zhong et al., 2007). Western medicine has achieved certain therapeutic effect in COPD treatment, which, however, has certain side effects that bring great pain to patients. Significantly, traditional Chinese medicine has good curative effect and small side effect in the treatment of COPD, which has been increasingly emphasized. Alpinetin is a natural flavonoid compound, which mainly exists in Zingiberaceae, such as turmeric, cardamom, and radix curcumae. As the extract of traditional Chinese medicine, it has become a research hotspot in recent decades. Prior evidence supports that it can inhibit Helicobacter pylori, Staphylococcus, and Escherichia coli, and suppresses the aggregation of platelets and the release of various inflammatory factors, so as to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects (He et al., 2005; Singh et al., 2007). However, it is still unclear whether Alpinetin has a protective effect on COPD and its molecular regulatory mechanism. At present, the main treatment methods of COPD are smoking control, oxygen therapy, bronchodilator, and respiratory stimulant.