Through viscosity measurements, concentration and temperature dependences of viscosity of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) solution were recorded. Effects of glycerin, mechanical shearing and several electrolytes on the CMC solution were also determined. Results showed that the viscosity dependence on concentration obeyed the Huggins and Kramer equation, the dependence on temperature complied with the Arrhenius equation. CMC chain could synergize with glycerin, konjac glucomannan (KGM), and aluminum sulfate 18-hydrate. Sodium chloride, hydrochloric acid, and calcium dichloride reduced the viscosity of the CMC solution. By suggesting the ion-binding and hydrogen bond as the major form of the electrostatic interaction in the CMC solution, the synergistic and pseudoplastic phenomena as well as the maximum over stirring time were reasonably explained.

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The surface-modified zinc phosphate (Zn₃(PO₄)₂) nanocrystals were synthesized by a facile and efficient one-step ultrasonic-template-microwave (UTM) assisted route. The crystal structure, optical properties and morphologies of zinc phosphate nanocrystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope. And the TEM image showed that the product had good dispersion with a particle size of 30 – 35 nm. The anti-corrosion function of anti-corrosive paint using zinc phosphate nanocrystals was researched and the experiment result showed that the salt atmosphere–resistant time was 158 h longer than that of zinc phosphate bulk materials on market. The performance of zinc phosphate nanocrystals with modified surface synthesized by one-step UTM assisted route was improved 63.2% compared with the bulk materials

Natural xanthones have diversity pharmacological activities. Here, a series of xanthones isolated from the pericarps of Garcinia mangostana Linn, named α-Mangostin, 8-Deoxygartanin, Gartanin, Garciniafuran, Garcinone C, Garcinone D, and γ-Mangostin were investigated. Biological screening performed in vitro and in Escherichia coli cells indicated that most of the xanthones exhibited significant inhibition of self-induced β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation and also β-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1, acted as potential antioxidants and biometal chelators. Among these compounds, α-Mangostin, Gartanin, Garcinone C and γ-Mangostin showed better antioxidant properties to scavenge Diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl (DPPH) free radical than Trolox, and potent neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced HT22 cell death partly by up-regulating HO-1 protein level and then scavenging reactive oxygen species. Moreover, Gartanin, Garcinone C and γ-Mangostin could be able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vitro. These findings suggest that the natural xanthones have multifunctional activities against Alzheimer's disease (AD) and could be promising compounds for the therapy of AD.

A novel pyrrolizidine alkaloid, penibruguieramine A (1), characterized by an unprecedented 1-alkenyl-2-methyl-8-hydroxymethylpyrrolizidin-3-one skeleton, was isolated from the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. GD6, associated with the Chinese mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. The absolute configuration of penibruguieramine A (1) was established by TDDFT ECD calculations of the vacuum and solution conformers, exploiting the transitions of the lactam chromophore. A plausible pathway for its biosynthesis has been proposed.