Objective: To detect the expression and pathological significances of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). Methods: A tissue array was analyzed immunohistochemically. The expression levels of IL-6 and bFGF in tissues were recorded semi-quantitatively. Results: The positive expression of IL-6 in normal, benign tumor, and carcinoma groups was 12.50% ± 5.575%, 39.00% ± 1.41%, 77.26% ± 17.07% respectively, and the expression among the three groups showed significant differences (P < 0.05). The expression of bFGF in benign tumor was lower than that in normal groups and squamous cell carcinoma. The positive expression was 6.50% ± 2.12%, 23.75% ± 4.79%, 42.33% ± 29.89% respectively, and the expression among the three groups showed significant differences (P < 0.05). Furthermore, there were positive correlations between IL-6 and bFGF (P < 0.05). Conclusion: It indicates that combining immunohistochemical examination of IL-6 and bFGF has an important reference value on the pathological diagnosis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma.