The effect of enzymatic treatment with amylase and cellulase on Tartary Buckwheat (F. tataricum Gaertn) bran dietary fiber was evaluated by studying its chemical composition, physicochemical property and microstructure. Tartary buckwheat bran flour, obtained from residues of tartary buckwheat processing exhibited high contents of dietary fiber (44.2±0.3%), starch (31.94±0.27%), lipid (5.18±0.14%) and total ash (2.91±0.04%), and a low level of crude protein (3.12±0.11%). The contents of hemicellulose, cellulose and klason lignin were 23.80±0.21%, 17.48±0.25% and 4.06±0.21%, respectively. Total polyphenols and total flavonoids contents were 13.32mg GAE/g and 37.43mg RE/g, respectively. The water holding capacity (WHC) and swelling capacity (SC) were 2.22±0.07 g/g and 2.33±0.10 mL/g. After the extraction process with amylase, the dietary fiber, total polyphenols, total flavonoids contents of crude enzymatic extract were increased to 83.5±0.27%, 27.61 mg GAE/g, 52.14 mg RE/g, respectively. Its WHC and SC also grew up to 2.38±0.12 g/g and 4.67±0.09 mL/g, while the starch content was decreased significantly. The crude enzymatic extract from tartary buckwheat bran was modified by cellulase. After the modification treatment, the increasing proportion of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) against total dietary fiber (TDF) was detected, and its WHC and SC also grew up to 2.58±0.11 g/g and 5.13±0.12 mL/g respectively. By Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis, it was also learned that the size of DF particles were decreased, which had a positive correlation with WHC and SC. The SEM photos showed that the modification processing increased the surface area of DF.

In China, many kinds of natural products extracted from plant and animal were used to treat cancer. Flavonoids extracted from tartary buckwheat and skin peptide purified from rufous-spotted torrent frog had respectively been proved to have anti-tumor activity. In present study, both tartary buckwheat flavonoids and amphibian frog peptides were applied for cell proliferation inhibitory activity against human gastric cancer MGC 80-3 cells using MTT assay. According to the data, the buckwheat flavonoids exhibited much stronger anti-tumor activity than amphibian peptides, and the complex mixture of this two kinds of bioactive compounds still possess anti-tumor activity.

The changes in physicochemical properties of tartary buckwheat starch during germination process were studied in the present study. After germination, there was a moderate increase in loss of starch (4.4~5.9%). The outcomes from scanning electron microscope indicated that the process of germination moderately increased the multi-pore around the granules of starch. The X-ray diffraction pattern of raw starch showed an A-pattern. Germination process did not distinctly affect X-ray diffraction patterns, but percent crystallinity of starch were increased with the increase of germination. Germination process raised the solubility of buckwheat starch but did not distinctly affect swelling capacity. The paste clarity and freeze–thaw stability of starch were improved after 24-h germination, but the germinated starch for 36 h exhibited no improvements in these properties compared with the raw starch. Therefore, moderate germination improved some physicochemical properties of tartary buckwheat starch.

This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of samples extracted from Jinhua ham by using such chemical assays as DPPH, scavenging hydroxyl free radical and ABTS. The results demonstrate that antioxidant capacity of the extracted sample is lower than oxidation capacity of Vc. The IC50 spot of samples ranges between 0.6 % and 2.5 % (mass fraction of solute).

This study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of samples extracted from Jinhua ham. The activities of SOD and contents of MDA and NO were measured after mice were kept on feeding the four peaks separated by using chromatographic column. Peak-3 obviously enhanced the activity of SOD and MDA. Peak-1 and peak-2 had little influence on the activity of SOD and MDA. Peak-4 decreased their activities. All peaks obviously decreased content of NO. Results showed that these four peaks had excellent antioxidant activity. Finally, influences of sample extracted from ham on SOD activity, MDA content and GSH-PX activity in vitro of mouse liver and heart were also studied. Certain dose of samples would lead the decrease of SOD activity, MDA content and GSH-PX activity. This results showed that the sample have certain oxidant capacity.