Purpose. To compare the total corneal astigmatism (TCA) measured by IOLMaster 700 and Pentacam and to investigate the consistency of corneal keratometry (CK) measured by IOLMaster and Pentacam. Methods. Cataract patients were retrospectively enrolled in March and April, 2021. Retrospective analysis was performed on those patients with binocular and monocular CK measured by IOLMaster and Pentacam. Results. A total of 102 patients (204 eyes) were included, 64 of whom were female (62.75%). The flat (K1) and steep (K2) CK of anterior corneal surface (ACS) and flat (TK1) and steep (TK2) of total cornea measured with IOLMaster 700 were 44.16 ± 1.60   D , 45.09 ± 1.68   D , 44.12 ± 1.62   D , and 45.14 ± 1.69   D , respectively. Those measured with Pentacam were 44.31 ± 1.57   D , 45.22 ± 1.65   D , 44.15 ± 1.67   D , and 45.19 ± 1.82   D , respectively. The astigmatism of ACS and TCA were − 0.94 ± 0.63   D and − 1.02 ± 0.69   D ( p < 0.01 ) in the IOLMaster group and − 0.90 ± 0.59   D and − 1.05 ± 0.81   D in the Pentacam group, respectively ( p < 0.01 ). TCA measurement results of IOLMaster and Pentacam were consistent ( Pearson = 0.710 , p < 0.01 ), and there was no significant difference ( p = 0.591 ). Conclusions. Total corneal astigmatism measured by IOLMaster was consistent with that measured by Pentacam. The difference between the astigmatism of anterior corneal surface and total cornea was detected in the measurement of IOLMaster and Pentacam, respectively.