With an increase of implant diameter, stress and strain on the implant-bone interfaces significantly decreased, especially when the diameter increased from 3.3 to 4.1 mm. It appears that dental implants of 10 mm in length for immediate loading should be at least 4.1 mm in diameter, and uniaxial loading to dental implants should be avoided or minimized.

Increasing the diameter and length of the implant decreased the stress and strain on the alveolar crest, and the stress and strain values notably increased under buccolingual loading as compared with vertical loading, but diameter had a more significant effect than length to relieve the crestal stress and strain concentration.

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