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In the 21st century, materials science has developed rapidly. Mesoporous carbon is now among the most attractive substances due to its enormous specific surface area, high porosity, and structured pore structure. There are many methods to synthesize mesoporous carbon, among which the template method is widely used because of the variety of templates and synthesis pathways. Mesoporous carbon has been used in many fields. Its good electrical conductivity, lightweight nature, and low price have led to many applications in electrochemistry, such as capacitors, electrodes, and materials for electric vehicles. This work contains a literature overview on the synthesis methods and modification techniques for mesoporous carbon, as well as its application in electrochemistry, which serves as a guide for the future growth of mesoporous carbon research.