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The intention of this research is to study and design an automated agriculture commodity price prediction system with novel machine learning techniques. Due to the increasing large amounts historical data of agricultural commodity prices and the need of performing accurate prediction of price fluctuations, the solution has largely shifted from statistical methods to machine learning area. However, the selection of proper machine learning techniques for automated agriculture commodity price prediction still has limited consideration. On the other hand, when implementing machine learning techniques, finding a suitable model with optimal parameters for global solution, nonlinearity and avoiding curse of dimensionality are still biggest challenges. In this research, we address these problems by conducting a machine learning strategy study and propose a web-based automated system to predict agriculture commodity price. In the two series experiments, five popular machine learning algorithms, ARIMA, SVR, Prophet, XGBoost and LSTM have been compared with large historical datasets in Malaysia. The results validate the efficiency of the proposed Long Short-Term Memory Model (LSTM) to serve as the prediction engine for the proposed system. Particularly in the long-term experiment testing, the average performance of LSTM with MSE has improved 45.5% while ARIMA has dropped 74.1% and the average MSE of LSTM is 0.304 which outperformed all other four algorithms.

A computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) expert system is a powerful tool to efficiently assist a pathologist in achieving an early diagnosis of breast cancer. This process identifies the presence of cancer in breast tissue samples and the distinct type of cancer stages. In a standard CAD system, the main process involves image pre-processing, segmentation, feature extraction, feature selection, classification, and performance evaluation. In this review paper, we reviewed the existing state-of-the-art machine learning approaches applied at each stage involving conventional methods and deep learning methods, the comparisons within methods, and we provide technical details with advantages and disadvantages. The aims are to investigate the impact of CAD systems using histopathology images, investigate deep learning methods that outperform conventional methods, and provide a summary for future researchers to analyse and improve the existing techniques used. Lastly, we will discuss the research gaps of existing machine learning approaches for implementation and propose future direction guidelines for upcoming researchers.

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