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With the improvement of people's living standards, people have higher and higher requirements on the quality and freshness of fresh products. However, the consumption rate of fresh products is very high, especially in the circulation link. At the same time, retailers will put forward restrictive requirements on delivery time and delivery quality. For distributors, they should consider the impact of factors such as vehicle emissions, perishability of delivered goods on distribution, In order to minimize the distribution cost. Based on the vehicle routing problem under the traditional time window, this paper analyzes the characteristics of fresh product routing and constructs the related cost function. Secondly, from the perspective of the distributor, the basic model of vehicle routing optimization for fresh product distribution is constructed with the goal of minimizing the total cost. At the same time, adaptive genetic algorithm is used to solve the model. Finally, a numerical example is analyzed to verify the rationality and feasibility of the model and algorithm built in this paper, and achieve the goal of optimizing the distribution path and reducing the logistics cost.