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A variety of specialized wavefront detection technologies have been widely used, generally need specialized sensor or device. In this contribution, we proposed an algorithm to calculate the wavefront aberration with two-dimensional modulation transfer function data. The relationship between the wavefront aberration and the modulation transfer function is built based on the optical transfer function and simplified by applying the Newton-cotes quadrature. Thus the wavefront aberration can be numerically calculated by use of the results of the system performance in frequency domain. Numerical calculation result is provided for validating the proposed algorithm.

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