To tackle the aggravating electromagnetic wave (EMW) pollution issues, high-efficiency EMW absorption materials are urgently explored. Metal–organic framework (MOF) derivatives have been intensively investigated for EMW absorption due to the distinctive components and structures, which is expected to satisfy diverse application requirements. The extensive developments on MOF derivatives demonstrate its significantly important role in this research area. Particularly, MOF derivatives deliver huge performance superiorities in light weight, broad bandwidth, and robust loss capacity, which are attributed to the outstanding impedance matching, multiple attenuation mechanisms, and destructive interference effect. Herein, we summarized the relevant theories and evaluation methods, and categorized the state-of-the-art research progresses on MOF derivatives in EMW absorption field. In spite of lots of challenges to face, MOF derivatives have illuminated infinite potentials for further development as EMW absorption materials.

The molecular aggregation of nonfullerene acceptors (NFA) can significantly affect the light absorption, charge generation, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). In this work, we demonstrate the regulation of J-aggregation of COi8DFIC NFA toward near-infrared absorption via solvent additives 1,8diiodooctane (DIO), diphenyl ether (DPE), and 1-chloronaphthalene (CN). Molecular dynamics simulations reveal preferential interaction of DIO with the alkyl side chains of COi8DFIC, endowing side-chains with the flexibility to adjust conformations to promote the formation of "Ato-D" type J-aggregation among the COi8DFIC backbone, resulting in a significant red-shift of absorbance toward the near-infrared region. The enhanced J-aggregation via π−π stacking, evidenced by grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering, constructs threedimensional charge transport channels at the molecular level to facilitate charge transport. The presence of 0.5 vol % DIO molecules, which is most effective among all three additives, boosts the maximum achievable PCE of CF cast PTB7-Th:COi8DFIC OSCs from 8.5% to 12.9%. Our results provide a new concept to enhance the efficiency of OSCs via dedicated control of molecular aggregations of nonfullerene acceptors.

Alismatis rhizoma (AR), the dried rhizoma of Alisma orientale Juzepzuk (Alismataceae), is a traditional Chinese medicine. AR is an important part of many prescriptions and is commonly used as a diuretic agent in Asia. This study aimed to evaluate the diuretic effects of total triterpene extract (TTE) and triterpene component compatibility (TCC, the mixture of alisol B 23-acetate, alisol B, alisol A 24-acetate, alisol A, and alisol C 23-acetate) of AR in saline-loaded rats. The optimal diuretic TCC of AR was optimized using a uniform design. Different doses (5, 20, and 40 mg/kg) of TTE and TCC groups (N1–N8) were orally administered to rats. Urinary excretion rate, pH, and electrolyte excretion were measured in the urine of saline-loaded rats. Results showed that TTE doses increased urine volume and electrolyte excretion compared with the control group. All uniformly designed groups of TCC also increased urine excretion. In addition, optimal diuretic TCC was calculated (alisol B 23-acetate: alisol B: alisol A 24-acetate: alisol A: alisol C 23-acetate 7.2:0.6:2.8:3.0:6.4) and further validated by saline-loaded rats. This study demonstrated that TTE presented a notable diuretic effect by increasing Na+, K+, and Cl− displacements. The most suitable TTC compatible proportion of alisol B 23-acetate: alisol B: alisol A 24-acetate: alisol A: alisol C 23-acetate for diuretic activity was validated, and triterpenes were the material basis for the diuretic activity of AR.

Toxicarioside D (1), a new cardenolide, along with 10 other known ones, was isolated from the stem of Antiaris toxicaria LESCH. by bioassay-guided fractionation. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. All the reported compounds effectively inhibited the growth of various cancer cell lines at nanomolar concentrations. Inhibition of cancer cell growth was accompanied with induction of the expression of Nur77, a potent apoptotic member of the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily.

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