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With the global commercialization of the fifth-generation (5G) network, many countries, including China, USA, European countries, Japan, and Korea, have started exploring 6G mobile communication network, following the tradition of "planning the next while commercializing one generation". Currently, studies on 6G networks are at the infancy stage. Research on the vision and requirements for 6G is still ongoing, and the industry is yet to clarify the key enabling technologies for 6G. However, 6G will certainly build on the success of 5G. Therefore, developing high-quality 5G networks and seamlessly integrating 5G with verticals are the priorities before 2030, when 6G is projected to be commercialized. Also, global 5G standards will keep evolving to better support vertical applications. As a milestone, the Third-Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) published Release 16 in July 2020, which continuously enhanced the capabilities of mobile broadband service based on Release 15 and realized the support for low-delay and high-reliability applications, such as Internet of Vehicles and industrial Internet. Currently, 3GPP is working on Releases 17 and 18, focusing on meeting the demands of medium-and high-data-rate machine communication with low-cost and high-precision positioning, which will be published in June 2022. Thus, 6G networks will further expand the application fields and scope of the Internet of Things to accommodate those services and applications that are beyond the capabilities of 5G networks. Herein, we present our vision, application scenarios, and key technological trends for 6G networks. Furthermore, we propose several future research opportunities in 6G networks with regard to industrialization and standardization.

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SDN enables the administrators to configure network resources very quickly and to adjust network-wide traffic flow to meet changing needs dynamically. However, there are some challenges for implementing a full-scale carrier SDN. One of the most important challenges is SDN security, which is beginning to receive attention. With new SDN architecture, some security threats are common to traditional networking, but the profile of these threats (including their likelihood and impact and hence their overall risk level) changes. Moreover, there are some new security challenges such as bypassing predefined mandatory policies by overwriting flow entries and data eavesdropping by inserting fraudulent flow entries. This paper is to design openflow specific security solutions and propose a comprehensive security architecture to provide security services such as enforcing mandatory network policy correctly and receiving network policy securely for SDN in order to solve these common security issues and new security challenges. It can also help the developers to implement security functions to provide security services when developing the SDN controller.

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