After 21 st century, the continuous disequilibrium of Chinese balance of payments (BOP) has become a significant issue faced by Chinese macroeconomic development. As can be revealed by the research, Chinese BOP was relatively stable and balanced from 1982 to 1993; from 1994 to 2011, it remained continuous "twin surplus" situation; since 2012, Chinese BOP has got rid of "twin surplus" condition. In recent years, BOP disequilibrium has imposed various negative influences on Chinese economic development including trade frictions, CNY depreciation pressure resulting from continuous large reserve asset surplus, severe capital flights, etc. Chinese government shall continue encouraging domestic enterprises to invest overseas and reinforcing foreign economic and trade cooperation, and meanwhile it is expected to strengthen its monitoring on trade, to strengthen curbing capital flights and to improve Chinese economic and financial regime further, so that Chinese BOP can get prone to equilibrium, and therefore Chinese national economy can be guaranteed to develop stably and sustainably.

Abstract. Australia has become a crucial destination for Chinese foreign investment. Based on statistical data of Chinese outward direct investment (ODI) in Australia throughout recent ten years, by practicallyanalyzing the development and current condition of Chinese ODI in Australia, this paper discusses problemsof Chinese ODI in Australia, brings forward specific countermeasures and recommendations, and makes a prospect for its future development. Findings suggest thatChinese enterprises invest in Australia basically because of Australian resources' reservation, Chinese domestic demand for various kinds of goods, and the support of relevant favorable policies.The outcomes also suggest that Chinese ODI in Australia has main characteristics of metal and energy industry dominance, imbalanced industrial and regional investment allocations as well as the tendency of industrial diversification. To improve imperfections, Chinese enterprises shall promote the industrial diversification further and to get ready knowledge about Australian foreign policies and local regulations, and Chinese government are supposed to bring forward more encouraging policies for private enterprisesto invest abroad.In general, there still exist a great potential anda prosperous prospect for Chinese enterprises to invest in Australia.