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Urbanization volume has been growing for the whole 21 th century. The consumption increase in the Metropolitan area power system will lead to the necessity of the power system development with electric grid equipment construction, including voltage levels transfer to the next level and the new generating units installation, including dispersed generators penetration. The FACTS and HVDC equipment application are considered for the Metropolitan area power system reliability, flexibility and controllability increase in this article. The equipment influence on power flows allocation, short circuit current limitation is presented. Economic effect from the new equipment installation is analyzed. The new structure of power system with FACTS and HVDC equipment is developed. The possibility of using the new equipment as a part of Smart Grid is proposed.

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One of the key and so far completely unsolved problem of modern power engineering is minimizing the cost of compensating for the imbalance between the generated and consumed powers in power systems. In addition to traditional regulation methods using hydroelectric and thermal power plants, the possibilities of storing power in different forms, including stationary electrochemical storage systems, are being more and more widely used at present. It is planned in future to use the on-board storage batteries of electric vehicles (V2G technology) for this purpose. Traditional and promising future technologies for compensating load fluctuations in electric power systems have their own niche applications and costs under different operating conditions. In this paper we provide comparative estimates of the specific costs when compensating load fluctuations of different duration using traditional technologies, which use flexible power units and peak power plants, and also technologies based on the use of electrochemical electric power storage. The costs for 1 kW · h of peak electric power and the costs in theory per 1 kW of peak power are estimated. As follows from the results of the calculations, the use of electrochemical storage is economically useful for continuous operating times of less than 1 h. To cover longer electric consumption fluctuations, the most suitable technologies remain flexible gas turbine systems and simple-cycle and gas-piston equipment under peak conditions. In modern electric power networks, the problem of matching the flows of generated and consumed power arises when solving a whole series of technological problems, such as the following [1]:-damping of short-term fluctuations of the active and reactive power and the frequency, while maintaining the quality of electric power. The characteristic duration of such fluctuations lies in the range from fractions of a second to several minutes; -the removal or considerable reduction of irregular fluctuations in intersystem electric transmission lines to increase their carrying capacity. The typical duration of such disturbances varies in the range from several tens of seconds to 10 -15 min;-ensuring stable operation of systems with low-power electric power plants (including plants using renewable energy sources), operating both autonomously and as part of the single national electric grid. In this case the duration of the disturbances lies in the range from several minutes to several hours or even days, depending on the graphs of the change in the wind and/or solar energy fluxes; -balancing of the daily load graphs in the network. Here the time taken to compensate fluctuations in the load may reach 6 -8 h in a day;-the use of sources to guarantee uninterrupted supply -up to several hours of continuous operation.To solve the majority of these problems, gas turbine and thermal electric power plants, hydroelectric plants, and also hydrostorage power plants are used. In a number of cases regulation using traditional technologies is quite costly. For example,...