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Purpose To evaluate the effect of partial posterior hyaloidectomy (PPH) in preventing iatrogenic retinal breaks related to the induction of a posterior vitreous detachment (IPVD) Methods Fifty-nine patients who necessitated IPVD for an epiretinal membrane or macular hole were included in this prospective, interventional case series. Extensive removal of vitreous gel, close to the retina, was conducted before IPVD under 23 G (gauge)-vitrectomy system. The PPH involved the limited extent of IPVD and limited removal of the outermost vitreous cortex to an area slightly beyond the margin of the temporal major vascular arcade. The incidence of retinal breaks related to the surgery was compared with 57 eyes that had undergone conventional 23-G total vitrectomy accompanied by extensive IPVD using w 2 -test. Results Patients were followed-up for a mean of 14.3 months (6-30 months) after the surgery. The incidence of peripheral retinal breaks after the PPH was 3.4% (2/59 eyes), which was significantly lower than that in the eyes that underwent conventional 23 G vitrectomy (15.8%, 9/57 eyes, P ¼ 0.023) for the same disorders that required an IPVD. No patient complained of postoperative floaters, postoperatively. Conclusions PPH would be an efficient procedure to prevent iatrogenic peripheral retinal breaks related to an IPVD.